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PART 9
RETROFIT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 9.1  GENERAL

Subsection 9.1.1.  General

Scope

9.1.1.1.  This Part provides for the upgrading of existing buildings through retrofit.

Compliance

9.1.1.2.  (1)  The requirements of this Part shall be satisfied

(a) by implementing the requirements of the applicable Section except as provided in Subsection 9.1.3. and Sentence 9.5.3.7.(5), or

(b) by implementing an approved Life Safety Study in accordance with Subsection 9.1.4.

Approved alternatives

9.1.1.3.  A requirement of this Part is deemed to be complied with if materials, equipment or systems are approved that, in the opinion of the Chief Fire Official, will provide protection for life safety similar to the protection provided by compliance with the requirement.

Subsection 9.1.2.  Application

Application

9.1.2.1.  (1)  Except as provided in Sentence (2), the requirements for buildings that are covered by this Part shall be determined by their occupancies as regulated in the appropriate Sections herein.

(2)  Care occupancies not regulated by Sentence 9.4.1.1.(1) are deemed to be residential occupancies for the purposes of this Part.

Exemptions

9.1.2.2.  (1)  Except for Section 9.9, this Part does not apply to buildings or parts thereof that satisfy the requirements of the Building Code.

(2)  Section 9.9 does not apply to buildings or parts thereof that satisfy the requirements of the Building Code as it read on or after July 1, 1993.

(3)  This Part does not apply to a building that contains not more than one dwelling unit and no other major occupancy.

(4)  The requirements of Sections 9.2 to 9.8, except Article 9.5.3.7., do not apply to installations or construction that meet, on November 20, 2007, the requirements of Ontario Regulation 388/97 (Fire Code), as it read on that day.

(5)  Sections 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6 and 9.8 do not apply to buildings with respect to which the Chief Fire Official has granted an exemption under a predecessor to the Regulation for so long as the exemption is valid.

Subsection 9.1.3.  Schedule of Compliance

Compliance time for hotels

9.1.3.1.  (1)  Except as permitted in Sentences (2), (3) and (4) and Article 9.1.3.2., it is the responsibility of the owner to comply with the requirements of Section 9.9.

(2)  In a hotel establishment constructed after August 31, 1971, or in an addition to a hotel establishment constructed after August 31, 1971, it is the responsibility of the owner to comply with the requirements of

(a) Article 9.9.1.2., as of January 1, 2008,

(b) Sentence 9.9.2.12.(5) and Article 9.9.4.13., as of July 1, 2008,

(c) Sentences 9.9.2.8.(2), 9.9.2.14.(3) and (4) and 9.9.3.3.(2), (3) and (5), Clauses 9.9.4.2.(2)(b) and (c) and Sentence 9.9.4.2.(4), as of January 1, 2010, and

(d) Article 9.9.2.9., Sentences 9.9.2.10.(7) and (8), Article 9.9.2.13., Sentences 9.9.2.15.(3) and 9.9.3.2.(3) and Articles 9.9.4.14., 9.9.5.1., 9.9.5.3. and 9.9.5.5, as of January 1, 2012.

(3)  In a hotel establishment constructed after August 31, 1971, or in an addition to a hotel establishment constructed after August 31, 1971, it is the responsibility of the owner to comply with the requirements of Sentence 9.9.2.8.(1) with respect to self-closing devices on doors as of January 1, 2010.

(4)  In a hotel establishment constructed prior to September 1, 1971, or in an addition to a hotel establishment constructed prior to September 1, 1971, it is the responsibility of the owner to comply with the requirements of

(a) Article 9.9.1.2., as of January 1, 2008,

(b) Sentence 9.9.2.12.(5) and Article 9.9.4.13., as of July 1, 2008,

(c) Article 9.9.2.6., Sentences 9.9.2.8.(1) and (2), 9.9.2.14.(3) and (4) and 9.9.3.3.(2), (3), (5) and (6), Article 9.9.3.5., Sentences 9.9.3.6.(2) and 9.9.3.7.(1), Clauses 9.9.4.2.(2)(b) and (c) and Sentence 9.9.4.2.(4), as of January 1, 2010, and

(d) Sentence 9.9.2.1.(6), Articles 9.9.2.2. to 9.9.2.5., 9.9.2.7. and 9.9.2.9., Sentences 9.9.2.10.(7) and (8), Article 9.9.2.13., Sentences 9.9.2.15.(3), 9.9.3.2.(2) and (3) and Articles 9.9.4.14., 9.9.5.1., 9.9.5.2., 9.9.5.3. and 9.9.5.5, as of January 1, 2012.

Extension of time

9.1.3.2.  If compliance is not possible by the date required under Article 9.1.3.1. because of a strike, material shortage or other circumstances beyond an owner's control, the Chief Fire Official may grant an extension of the time for compliance.

Subsection 9.1.4.  Life Safety Study

Life Safety Study

9.1.4.1.  (1)  A Life Safety Study is a proposal to the Chief Fire Official that consists of

(a) a detailed assessment of the life safety performance requirements, clearly identifying items not meeting the requirements of this Part,

(b) a detailed description of how an acceptable level of life safety can be achieved, and

(c) a detailed time schedule to implement the provisions of Clause (b).

Contents

9.1.4.2.  (1)  A Life Safety Study shall deal with, but is not limited to

(a) containment, including

(i) fire separations,

(ii) firewalls,

(iii) construction assemblies,

(iv) occupancy separations, and

(v) interior finishes,

(b) detection, including

(i) alarm and detection systems, and

(ii) voice communication systems,

(c) suppression, including

(i) fire department access,

(ii) standpipe and hose systems,

(iii) sprinkler or special fire suppression systems, and

(iv) firefighters' elevators, and

(d) egress, including

(i) the number, type, access to, direction to, lighting for and identification of exits,

(ii) fire escapes,

(iii) occupant load, and

(iv) emergency lighting.

Signature and seal

9.1.4.3.  A Life Safety Study shall bear the signature and seal of a Professional Engineer or Architect, or both.

Time schedule

9.1.4.4.  The time schedule referred to in Clause 9.1.4.1.(1)(c) may provide for a compliance date after the compliance date required by Article 9.1.3.1.

Extension of time

9.1.4.5.  An owner or the owner's agent may apply to the Chief Fire Official for an extension of the compliance date to permit time for a Life Safety Study to be submitted.

Extension following Order

9.1.4.6.  (1)  Where an owner or the owner's agent has received an Order that requires compliance with this Part, the owner or the owner's agent may apply within five days of receipt of the Order to the Chief Fire Official to extend the time for compliance pending submission of a Life Safety Study.

(2)  Upon receipt of the application referred to in Sentence (1), the Chief Fire Official shall, within 10 days, review the application and either grant or refuse an extension of the time for compliance to permit submission of a Life Safety Study.

(3)  The Chief Fire Official shall notify the owner or the owner's agent of the Chief Fire Official's decision in writing.

(4)  Notification shall be served either personally or by mail.

(5)  Where notification is by mail, it is deemed to have been served on the fifth day after the date of mailing.

(6)  An owner or the owner's agent, within five days of being notified of a refusal to grant an extension of the time to submit a Life Safety Study, may request the reasons for the refusal in writing.

(7)  The Chief Fire Official shall comply with the request referred to in Sentence (6) within 10 days after receipt thereof.

(8)  An owner or the owner's agent who feels aggrieved by a decision to refuse an extension of time to submit a Life Safety Study may, within 30 days of the refusal, appeal the refusal in the same manner as though it were an Order.

Review

9.1.4.7.  (1)  Despite any other Order that requires compliance with this Part, the Chief Fire Official shall, within 30 days after receiving a Life Safety Study, review the Life Safety Study for implementation.

(2)  Where a Life Safety Study is approved for implementation, the Chief Fire Official shall notify the owner or the owner's agent of the decision in writing.

(3)  Where a Life Safety Study is not approved, the Chief Fire Official shall advise the owner or the owner's agent of the decision and the reasons therefor in writing.

(4)  Notification shall be served either personally or by mail.

(5)  Where notification is by mail, it is deemed to have been served on the fifth day after the date of mailing.

(6)  An owner or the owner's agent who feels aggrieved by a decision not to approve a Life Safety Study may, within 30 days of the refusal, appeal the decision in the same manner as though it were an Order.

(7)  Despite any other provision of this Part, a Life Safety Study that has been approved and implemented is deemed to satisfy an Order requiring compliance with this Part and made with respect to the same premises before the Life Safety Study was accepted.

Record

9.1.4.8.  A copy of an approved Life Safety Study shall be kept on the premises to which it relates and be made available to the Chief Fire Official upon request.

SECTION 9.2  ASSEMBLY OCCUPANCIES

Subsection 9.2.1.  Application

Assembly occupancies

9.2.1.1.  (1)  This Section applies to

(a) art galleries,

(b) auditoria,

(c) beverage establishments,

(d) bingo halls,

(e) clubs,

(f) community halls,

(g) dance halls,

(h) enclosed arenas,

(i) exhibition halls,

(j) gymnasia,

(k) halls in religious establishments (excluding areas of worship),

(l) lecture halls,

(m) lodge rooms,

(n) movie theatres,

(o) museums,

(p) opera houses,

(q) restaurants,

(r) television studios, and

(s) theatres.

(2)  For the purposes of this Section,

"1986 Building Code" means Ontario Regulation 419/86, as it read on February 11, 1987;

"existing" means in existence on February 11, 1987.

Exemption for educational facilities

9.2.1.2.  This Section does not apply to assembly occupancies in buildings that are regulated by or under the Education Act or the Ministry of Colleges and Universities Act.

Exemption for hotels

9.2.1.3.  This Section does not apply to a building or part of a building regulated by Section 9.9.

Subsection 9.2.2.  Containment

Fire separations between major occupancies

9.2.2.1.  (1)  Fire separations shall be provided between assembly occupancies described in Subsection 9.2.1. and other major occupancies in compliance with Article 3.1.3.2. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Where a building is sprinklered and the sprinkler system complies with Article 9.2.5.2. or where a detection system is provided and connected to the building fire alarm system, and Sentence (1) requires

(a) a 2 h fire separation, a 1 h fire separation is deemed to be in compliance, or

(b) a 1 h fire separation, a 30 min fire separation is deemed to be in compliance.

Protection of openings in fire separations

9.2.2.2.  (1)  Closures that are in compliance with Sentences 3.1.6.4.(2) and 3.1.6.7.(1) of the 1986 Building Code shall be provided in fire separations.

(2)  Where Sentence (1) requires

(a) a 1 h or a 45 min fire-protection rating, existing hollow metal or kalamein doors, with or without wired glass and equipped with self-closing devices, and existing hollow metal frames are deemed to be in compliance,

(b) a 1 h or a 45 min fire-protection rating, existing wired glass screens set in fixed steel frames are deemed to be in compliance, or

(c) a 20 min fire-protection rating, existing 45 mm solid core wood doors and existing solid wood frames are deemed to be in compliance.

(3)  Despite the requirements referred to in Sentence (1), fire dampers or fire-stop flaps are not required to be installed in existing noncombustible ducts at penetrations of a fire separation.

Fire separations for hazardous areas

9.2.2.3.  (1)  In high buildings classified in the 1986 Building Code under Subsection 3.2.6., fire separations that are in compliance with Subsection 3.5.2. of the 1986 Building Code shall be provided between service rooms and assembly occupancies.

(2)  In buildings not referred to in Sentence (1), fire separations that are in compliance with Subsection 3.5.2. of the 1986 Building Code shall be provided between service rooms and assembly occupancies.

(3)  A 30 min fire separation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2) where

(a) the service room is sprinklered, or

(b) a detection system is provided and connected to the building fire alarm system.

(4)  Fire separations shall be provided between theatrical stages and assembly occupancies in compliance with Sentences 3.3.2.14.(3) to (5) of the 1986 Building Code.

(5)  Despite Sentence (4), existing fire separations may be approved.

Interior finishes

9.2.2.4.  (1)  Interior finishes shall comply with the flame-spread rating requirements under Clauses 3.1.4.5.(3)(g) and (h) and Subsection 3.1.11. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Where

(a) the finish is not an exposed expanded plastic, the assembly area is sprinklered and the sprinkler system complies with Article 9.2.5.2., the existing interior finish is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1), or

(b) the finish is treated with a fire retardant surface coating listed by a recognized testing laboratory and applied in accordance with the listing conditions, the finish is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Despite Sentence (1), existing interior finishes may be approved.

Subsection 9.2.3.  Means of Egress

Occupant load determination

9.2.3.1.  The occupant load for calculation of number and width of exits referred to in Articles 9.2.3.6. and 9.2.3.7. shall be in accordance with Article 2.7.1.4.

Access to exits; number and location

9.2.3.2.  (1)  Where the occupant load of a room exceeds 60 persons, at least two egress doorways shall be provided in such a manner that one doorway can provide egress if the other doorway becomes inaccessible to the occupants.

(2)  An existing room with one doorway is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the occupant load does not exceed 100 persons,

(b) the floor area is sprinklered and the sprinkler system complies with Article 9.2.5.2., and

(c) the travel distance does not exceed 23 m.

Access to exits

9.2.3.3.  (1)  Access to exits shall comply with Article 3.3.2.7. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Existing access to exits through dead end corridors are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the occupant load does not exceed 20 persons, and

(b) the travel distance does not exceed 6 m plus the width of the dead end corridor to a point where a choice of two directions of exit travel are available.

Minimum number of exits

9.2.3.4.  (1)  Each floor area shall be served by at least two exits.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), floor areas in buildings not exceeding 2 storeys in building height may be served by one exit where

(a) the occupant load for the floor area does not exceed 60 persons,

(b) the floor area does not exceed 200 m², and

(c) the travel distance from any point on the floor area does not exceed 15 m.

Door swing

9.2.3.5.  Each door serving as an access to exit from a room serving more than 60 persons shall open in the direction of exit travel and shall swing on its vertical axis.

Number of exits

9.2.3.6.  (1)  The minimum number of exits from a floor area shall be,

(a) for an occupant load of 61 up to and including 600 persons, not less than two exits,

(b) for an occupant load of 601 up to and including 1000 persons, not less than three exits, or

(c) for an occupant load of more than 1000 persons, not less than four exits.

Total width

9.2.3.7.  (1)  The aggregate required width of exits shall be determined by multiplying the occupant load of the area served by

(a) 6.1 mm (1/4 in) per person for ramps with a gradient of not more than 1 in 8, doorways, corridors and passageways, or

(b) 9.2 mm (3/8 in) per person for ramps with a gradient of more than 1 in 8 and stairs.

9.2.3.8.  The width of an exit stair or of a corridor used as an access to exit or as an exit shall not be less than 900 mm.

9.2.3.9.  Where the total number of exits and the total width of exits comply with Articles 9.2.3.6. and 9.2.3.7., existing corridor and stair widths are deemed to be in compliance with Article 9.2.3.8.

Fire escapes permitted

9.2.3.10.  A fire escape may be erected on an existing building to provide one or more of the exit facilities described in Article 3.4.1.2. of the 1986 Building Code, provided that the fire escape does not serve floor areas above the fifth floor.

Fire escape construction

9.2.3.11.  (1)  Each fire escape shall be constructed to comply with Article 3.4.7.13. of the 1986 Building Code, except as permitted in Article 9.2.3.18.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), an existing fire escape may be approved.

Emergency lighting

9.2.3.12.  Emergency lighting shall comply with Article 3.2.7.3. of the 1986 Building Code.

Exit signs

9.2.3.13.  (1)  Markings and signs for exits and access to exits shall comply with Subsection 3.4.5. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), existing markings and signs may be approved.

9.2.3.14.  In buildings over 2 storeys in building height, any part of an exit ramp or stair that continues past the exit door at ground level to a basement shall be clearly marked by a sign indicating that it does not lead to an exit.

Separation of exits

9.2.3.15.  (1)  Where an exit stairway, an escalator or a moving walkway serves as a required exit, it shall be separated from the remainder of the building in accordance with Sentence 3.4.4.1.(1) of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Doors in fire separations required in Sentence (1) shall be equipped with self-closing devices.

(3)  An existing 45 min fire separation with a 45 min rated closure as described in Clause 9.2.2.2.(2)(a) is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(4)  Existing wired glass screens set in fixed steel frames are acceptable in fire separations required by this Article.

Exits through lobbies

9.2.3.16.  (1)  Exits through a lobby area shall comply with the requirements of Clauses 3.4.4.1.(7)(c) to (f) of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), more than one exit may be permitted through a lobby area where there is at least one alternate exit capable of serving 50% of the total capacity and leading directly to the outside.

Ancillary rooms

9.2.3.17.  (1)  Existing storage rooms, garbage rooms and laundry rooms, opening directly into an exit stairway, shall be sprinklered and the rooms shall be separated from the exit stairway by a 45 min fire separation.

(2)  Existing washrooms and toilet rooms opening directly into an exit stairway shall be separated from the exit stairway by a 45 min fire separation.

(3)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), existing ancillary rooms opening directly into an exit stairway may be approved.

9.2.3.18.  (1)  Openings adjacent to fire escapes shall comply with Sentence 3.4.7.13.(5) of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Existing openings are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where each opening is protected by sprinklers in conformance with Article 9.2.5.2.

(3)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), existing openings may be approved.

Subsection 9.2.4.  Fire Alarm and Detection

Fire alarm systems

9.2.4.1.  (1)  Fire alarm and detection systems shall be installed in compliance with Subsection 3.2.4., excluding Article 3.2.4.7., of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), existing fire alarm systems may be approved where the system reliability and performance will not increase the risk of life safety.

Subsection 9.2.5.  Suppression

Access for fire fighting

9.2.5.1.  (1)  Access for fire fighting shall comply with Sentence 3.2.5.2.(1) of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply where the building is sprinklered.

(3)  Access routes that do not comply with Sentence (1) may be approved where available fire department equipment has access to the building or alternative provisions are made under Subsection 2.8.2. for such access.

Sprinkler systems

9.2.5.2.  (1)  Except as permitted in Sentence (3), sprinkler systems shall comply with Article 3.2.5.5. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  An existing sprinkler system is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the average sprinkler discharge density over the design area is at least equal to the minimum density corresponding to the area for the hazard classification as defined in Table 9.2.5.A.

(3)  Where buildings with a ceiling height in excess of 9 m are required to be sprinklered, the design of the system shall be approved prior to installation.

(4)  The water supply requirements for an existing sprinkler system shall be based on

(a) the hazard classification, as determined in Table 9.2.5.A., and

(b) the minimum sprinkler discharge density, area of application and sprinkler spacing, as determined in NFPA 13, "Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems", that corresponds to the hazard classification determined under Clause (a).

(5)  Clause (4)(b) does not apply to the water supply requirements for an existing sprinkler system in an arena or an exhibition hall.

(6)  The water supply requirements for an existing sprinkler system in an arena or an exhibition hall shall be based on the lesser area of

(a) 100% of the display area, or

(b) 280 m².

TABLE 9.2.5.A.

Forming Part of Article 9.2.5.2.

*Hazard Classification is defined as per NFPA 13, "Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems".

SECTION 9.3  BOARDING, LODGING AND ROOMING HOUSES

Subsection 9.3.1.  Application

Application

9.3.1.1.  (1)  This Section applies to boarding houses, lodging houses, rooming houses and private rest homes in which residents do not require care or treatment because of age, mental or physical limitations, where

(a) the building height does not exceed 3 storeys and the building area does not exceed 600 m²,

(b) lodging is provided for more than four persons in return for remuneration or the provision of services or both, and

(c) lodging rooms do not have both bathrooms and kitchen facilities for the exclusive use of individual occupants.

(2)  This Section applies to homes for special care within the meaning of the Homes for Special Care Act, where

(a) the building height does not exceed 3 storeys and the building area does not exceed 600 m²,

(b) sleeping accommodation is provided for more than three but not more than 10 residents, and

(c) residents do not require nursing care.

(3)  For the purposes of this Section,

"1986 Building Code" means Ontario Regulation 419/86, as it read on February 11, 1987;

"existing" means in existence on February 11, 1987.

Exemption for MCSS residences

9.3.1.2.  Except as set out in Sentence 9.3.1.1.(2), this Section does not apply to residential occupancies that are regulated by or under the Ministry of Community and Social Services Act.

Exemption for hotels

9.3.1.3.  This Section does not apply to a building or part of a building regulated by Section 9.9.

Subsection 9.3.2.  Containment

9.3.2.1.  Fire separations required by this Section to have a fire-resistance rating shall comply with Subsection 9.10.3. of the 1986 Building Code.

Floor assemblies

9.3.2.2.  (1)  Floor assemblies shall

(a) be constructed as fire separations, and

(b) have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 30 min.

(2)  Existing floor assemblies with ceilings consisting of lath and plaster, gypsum board or noncombustible materials are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Basement fire separations

9.3.2.3.  Where a basement does not contain a bedroom, recreation room, meeting room or hobby room, a fire separation having no fire-resistance rating between the basement and first storey is deemed to be in compliance with Clause 9.3.2.2.(1)(b).

Walls separating bedrooms

9.3.2.4.  (1)  Each guest room or suite of rooms shall have interior walls having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 30 min.

(2)  Existing wall assemblies consisting of membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum wallboard are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Furnace room separations

9.3.2.5.  (1)  In a building where the building height is greater than 2 storeys or the building area is greater than 400 m², a furnace room that is located on a floor area that contains a bedroom, recreation room, meeting room or hobby room shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 45 min.

(2)  Existing fire separations consisting of membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum board are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Where the required vertical fire separation in a furnace room is maintained and it is not practical in the circumstances to construct the ceiling as a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 45 min, the furnace room area shall be sprinklered with a spacing that does not exceed 9.5 m² per sprinkler head.

(4)  Closures in fire separations for a furnace room shall have a fire-protection rating of not less than 45 min.

(5)  A hollow metal or kalamein door and frame are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (4).

(6)  Closures referred to in Sentences (4) and (5) shall be equipped with latches and self-closing devices.

(7)  Despite Sentence (1), fire dampers or fire-stop flaps are not required in ducts at penetrations of a fire separation.

Combustion air

9.3.2.6.  Where a furnace room is separated to comply with the requirements of Article 9.3.2.5., sufficient combustion air shall be brought directly from the exterior for the proper combustion and safe operation of the appliance.

Subsection 9.3.3.  Means of Egress

Number of exits

9.3.3.1.  (1)  Each floor area shall be served by at least two exits.

(2)  Where sleeping accommodation is not provided for more than 10 persons, one exit from each of the first and second floor floor areas is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Where sleeping accommodation is not provided in the basement, one exit from the basement is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Acceptable exits

9.3.3.2.  (1)  Exits required by Article 9.3.3.1. shall comply with the requirements of Articles 9.9.2.2. and 9.9.2.3. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence 9.3.3.5.(1), not more than one required exit from the basement may lead through the first floor floor area.

(3)  Where sleeping accommodation is not provided for more than 10 persons, corridors that are contiguous to a stairway may form part of the stairway enclosure.

(4)  Only one stairway enclosure described in Sentence (3) shall be permitted as an exit.

(5)  Where a fire escape of the type referred to in Article 9.3.3.4. is used as an exit, it is deemed to comply with the requirements of Articles 9.9.2.2. and 9.9.2.3. of the 1986 Building Code.

9.3.3.3.  Despite Articles 9.3.3.1. and 9.3.3.2., alternative measures may be approved where, in the opinion of the Chief Fire Official, they will provide protection for life safety similar to the protection provided by compliance with Articles 9.3.3.1. and 9.3.3.2.

Fire escapes

9.3.3.4.  (1)  Each fire escape used as an exit shall be constructed in compliance with Article 3.4.7.13., excluding Sentences (4) and (5), of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), existing fire escapes may be approved.

(3)  Access to fire escapes shall be from corridors.

Protection of exits

9.3.3.5.  (1)  Each exit other than a doorway opening directly onto a fire escape or to the outdoors at ground level shall be separated from the remainder of the building or from another exit by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 30 min.

(2)  Existing exit stairways separated from the remainder of the building by walls consisting of lath and plaster or gypsum wallboard are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Despite Sentence (1), an existing separation of noncombustible material may be approved.

Interior stairways

9.3.3.6.  (1)  Floor separations shall be maintained at interior stairways that are not required exits.

(2)  The floor separation shall be maintained at an exit permitted in Sentence 9.3.3.2.(2).

9.3.3.7.  Floor separations required in Article 9.3.3.6. shall be rated in accordance with Articles 9.3.2.2. and 9.3.3.5.

Protection of openings in fire separations

9.3.3.8.  (1)  Closures in fire separations required in Articles 9.3.3.5. and 9.3.3.6. shall be constructed in accordance with Article 9.10.3.1. of the 1986 Building Code with a minimum 20 min fire-protection rating.

(2)  Closures located along contiguous corridors permitted in Sentence 9.3.3.2.(3) shall comply with Sentence (1).

(3)  A 45 mm solid core wood, hollow metal or kalamein door, equipped with a self-closing device and a latching device, is deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

(4)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), frames for doors described in Sentence (3) may be of wood, hollow metal or kalamein construction.

(5)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), fire dampers or fire-stop flaps are not required in ducts at penetrations of a fire separation.

9.3.3.9.  Existing wired glass closures set in fixed steel frames in a fire separation are deemed to be in compliance with Article 9.3.3.8.

Exit signs

9.3.3.10.  (1)  Exit signs shall be located along a means of egress so that directions of exit travel are apparent to the occupants.

(2)  Exit signs required by Sentence (1) shall have the word "EXIT" in block letters and such letters shall be

(a) internally or externally illuminated,

(b) coloured red on an opaque or contrasting field, and

(c) at least 115 mm high with a 19 mm stroke.

Interior finishes

9.3.3.11.  The flame-spread rating of interior finishes on walls and ceilings within a means of egress shall not exceed 200.

Illumination of egress

9.3.3.12.  Corridors and stairways shall be lighted to the intensity of 50 lx measured at the floor level, or 5 watts/m² of floor area.

Emergency lighting

9.3.3.13.  Where sleeping accommodation is provided for more than 10 persons, emergency lighting shall be provided to corridors and stairways in accordance with Articles 9.9.11.4. and 9.9.11.5. of the 1986 Building Code.

Subsection 9.3.4.  Fire Alarm and Detection

Fire alarm requirements

9.3.4.1.  (1)  A building to which this Section applies that does not have floor assemblies having a minimum 45 min fire-resistance rating and public corridors or corridors serving sleeping rooms not within a dwelling unit that are not fire-separated from the remainder of the building by a minimum 30 min fire-resistance rating shall have a fire alarm system that complies with Articles 9.10.17.5. and 9.10.17.11. of the 1986 Building Code, and shall have

(a) smoke alarms that comply with Sentence (2) and that are installed and interconnected so that the activation of any smoke alarm will sound a similar signal in each of the interconnected devices, or

(b) fire alarm system smoke detectors installed on the ceiling of each floor adjacent to each stairway, and on the ceiling in the basement adjacent to each stairway.

(2)  Smoke alarms referred to in Clause (1)(a) shall

(a) be installed on the ceiling in the corridor of each floor adjacent to each stairway and on the ceiling in the basement adjacent to each stairway,

(b) be on a separate circuit with no disconnect switch between the overcurrent device and the smoke alarms, and

(c) employ devices and an interconnected installation that are listed.

9.3.4.2.  (1)  A fire alarm system complying with Articles 9.10.17.4., 9.10.17.5., 9.10.17.11. and Subsection 9.10.18. of the 1986 Building Code shall be installed where

(a) sleeping accommodation is provided for more than 10 persons, and

(b) the floor assemblies have a minimum 45 min fire-resistance rating and public corridors or corridors serving sleeping rooms not within a dwelling unit are fire-separated from the remainder of the building by a minimum 30 min fire-resistance rating.

9.3.4.3.  Where a fire alarm system is required and sleeping accommodation is not provided for more than 14 persons, an interconnected smoke alarm system in accordance with Clause 9.3.4.1.(1)(a) is deemed to be in compliance with Article 9.3.4.2.

9.3.4.4.  Despite Articles 9.3.4.1. and 9.3.4.2., existing fire alarm systems may be approved where the system reliability and performance will not increase the risk of life safety.

Subsection 9.3.5.  Suppression

Portable extinguishers

9.3.5.1.  (1)  Despite the provisions of Subsection 6.2.6., at least one 2A rated portable extinguisher shall be provided on each floor.

(2)  At least one 5B:C rated portable extinguisher shall be installed in each kitchen where shared cooking facilities exist.

SECTION 9.4  HEALTH CARE FACILITIES

Subsection 9.4.1  Application

Application

9.4.1.1.  (1)  This Section applies to

(a) Homes for Special Care, regulated under the Homes for Special Care Act, where sleeping accommodation is provided for more than 10 residents,

(b) Homes for the Aged, regulated under the Homes for the Aged and Rest Homes Act,

(c) Homes for the Aged, regulated under the Charitable Institutions Act,

(d) Nursing Homes, regulated under the Nursing Homes Act,

(e) Private Hospitals, regulated under the Private Hospitals Act, and

(f) Public Hospitals, regulated under the Public Hospitals Act.

(2)  For the purposes of this Section,

"1986 Building Code" means Ontario Regulation 419/86, as it read on February 11, 1987;

"existing" means in existence on February 11, 1987.

Subsection 9.4.2.  Containment

Construction

9.4.2.1.  (1)  Existing buildings shall comply with the applicable construction requirements of Articles 9.4.2.2. to 9.4.2.4.

(2)  Fire separations required by this Section to have a fire-resistance rating shall comply with Subsection 3.1.5. and Articles 3.1.6.1.,3.1.6.2. and 3.1.6.3. of the 1986 Building Code.

(3)  Where a 45 min or less fire-resistance rating is required, existing wall assemblies, floor assemblies and their supporting assemblies consisting of membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum board are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

(4)  Existing buildings with limited combustible components may be approved as noncombustible construction.

(5)  Heavy timber construction conforming to Article 3.1.4.4. of the 1986 Building Code is deemed to have a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(6)  Floor assemblies shall be fire separations with fire-resistance ratings as required in this Subsection.

Combustible construction up to 2 storeys

9.4.2.2.  (1)  Buildings of combustible construction shall comply with the provisions of Sentence (2) where the building is

(a) 1 storey in building height and not greater than 1000 m² in building area, or

(b) 2 storeys in building height and not greater than 500 m² in building area.

(2)  Floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies shall have a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Despite Sentence (2), where the building is sprinklered, a fire-resistance rating is not required for floor assemblies or for walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies.

Combustible construction up to 4 storeys

9.4.2.3.  (1)  Buildings of combustible construction shall comply with the provisions of Sentences (2) and (3) where the building is

(a) not more than 1 storey in building height and not greater than 2400 m² in building area,

(b) not more than 2 storeys in building height and not greater than 1600 m² in building area, or

(c) not more than 4 storeys in building height and not greater than 500 m² in building area.

(2)  Floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies shall have a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Despite Sentence 9.4.4.2.(2), smoke detectors shall be provided in bedrooms, corridors, lounges and sitting areas.

(4)  A building that is sprinklered is deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (2) and (3).

All other buildings

9.4.2.4.  (1)  Buildings not described in Articles 9.4.2.2. and 9.4.2.3. shall

(a) have a 45 min fire-resistance rating for floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies, and

(b) be sprinklered, where the building is of combustible construction.

(2)  Where only the roof assembly is of combustible construction,

(a) sprinklering of the top storey and attic space is deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(b), or

(b) a ceiling membrane with a 45 min fire-resistance rating and fire stopping of the attic space in accordance with the requirements of Article 3.1.9.3. of the 1986 Building Code is deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(b).

Fire separations between occupancies

9.4.2.5.  (1)  Fire separations having a 1 h fire-resistance rating shall be provided between occupancies regulated under this Section and other major occupancies.

(2)  Where the building is sprinklered and the sprinkler system complies with Article 9.4.5.2. or where the other major occupancy is equipped with heat detectors and connecting corridors are equipped with smoke detectors, a 30 min fire separation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Existing wall or floor assemblies consisting of masonry or membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum board are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Fire separations between bedrooms and corridors

9.4.2.6.  (1)  Bedrooms or compartments containing related rooms shall be separated from adjacent rooms by fire separations having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Corridors serving bedrooms shall be separated from adjacent rooms, except sitting areas, lounges, nurses stations and washrooms, by fire separations having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Where the floor area is sprinklered, an existing fire separation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

(4)  Where smoke detectors are installed in bedrooms, sitting areas, lounges and corridors serving bedrooms on the floor area and where heat detectors are installed in other rooms opening onto corridors serving bedrooms, a 30 min fire separation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

Safe areas of refuge

9.4.2.7.  (1)  Floor areas containing rooms or areas used by the residents shall be divided by 45 min fire separations separating the floor area into at least two zones.

(2)  Each zone required in Sentence (1) shall

(a) contain at least one acceptable exit, and

(b) be able to accommodate, in addition to its own occupants, the occupants of the adjacent zone, based on the requirements of 0.5 m² of clear floor space per person, 1.6 m² per person in a wheelchair, and 2.4 m² for each bedridden patient as the occupancy requires.

(3)  A fire separation is not required under Sentence (1) where

(a) the travel distance between exits does not exceed 9 m and the number of occupants on the floor area is not more than 10 persons, or

(b) the floor area is served by exterior exit doors leading directly to the outside.

Protection of openings in fire separations

9.4.2.8.  (1)  Closures in fire separations shall comply with the requirements of Sentences 3.1.6.4.(2), 3.1.6.7.(1) and 3.1.6.8.(1) and Article 3.1.6.9. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Where a 30 min fire separation is permitted, closures shall have a 20 min fire-protection rating.

(3)  Where Sentences (1) and (2) require

(a) a 1.5 h fire-protection rating, existing hollow metal doors, with or without wired glass panels not exceeding 645 cm², equipped with self-closing devices and existing hollow metal frames are deemed to be in compliance,

(b) a 45 min fire-protection rating, existing hollow metal or kalamein doors, with or without wired glass, equipped with self-closing devices and existing hollow metal frames are deemed to be in compliance,

(c) a 45 min fire-protection rating, existing wired glass screens set in fixed steel frames are deemed to be in compliance, or

(d) a 20 min fire-protection rating, existing 45 mm solid core wood doors and existing solid wood frames are deemed to be in compliance.

(4)  Existing doors to bedrooms not conforming to Sentences (1) to (3) may be approved.

(5)  Despite Sentence (1), and except as permitted in Article 9.4.2.9., door assemblies required to have a 20 min fire-protection rating shall be equipped with self-closing devices.

(6)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), fire dampers or fire-stop flaps are not required in ducts at penetrations of an existing fire separation.

Latches on bedroom doors

9.4.2.9.  Where a door to a bedroom is not equipped with a self-closing device, a latch that can hold the door in the closed position shall be installed.

Fuel-fired appliance service rooms

9.4.2.10.  (1)  Fuel-fired appliances shall be enclosed in a service room separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply to fireplaces.

(3)  Despite Sentence (1), where the required vertical fire separation to a service room is provided and it is not practical in the circumstances to install a 45 min fire separation above the service room, the service room area shall be sprinklered with a spacing not exceeding 9.5 m² per sprinkler head.

Combustion air

9.4.2.11.  Where a furnace room is separated to comply with the requirements of Article 9.4.2.10., sufficient combustion air shall be brought directly from the exterior for the proper combustion and safe operation of the appliance.

Transformer vaults

9.4.2.12.  A transformer vault shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 2 h fire-resistance rating.

Vertical service spaces

9.4.2.13.  (1)  Vertical service spaces shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Where openings in the vertical service space, including the top and bottom, are sealed with noncombustible materials having the same fire-resistance rating as the existing construction, the vertical service space is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Refuse and linen chutes

9.4.2.14.  (1)  Automatic sprinklers shall be installed at the top and at alternate floor levels in each linen or refuse chute and in the room or bin into which the chute discharges.

(2)  An existing linen chute installation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the room into which the linen chute discharges is sprinklered and at least one sprinkler head is installed at the top of the linen chute.

(3)  Each room into which a linen or refuse chute discharges shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

Incinerator rooms

9.4.2.15.  Incinerators shall be enclosed in a service room separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 2 h fire-resistance rating.

Subsection 9.4.3.  Means of Egress

Access to exits

9.4.3.1.  (1)  Bedrooms or compartments containing related rooms on a floor area shall have a doorway leading to an interior corridor where it shall be possible to go in opposite directions to each of two separate exits.

(2)  Access to exits through a dead end corridor is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the number of persons served does not exceed 10 persons, and

(b) the travel distance does not exceed 6 m plus the width of the dead end corridor, to a point where a choice of two directions of exit travel is available.

(3)  Where a bedroom or a compartment containing related rooms is served by an exit door leading directly to the outside or to an exterior passageway, a doorway leading to an interior corridor served by one exit is deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

(4)  Where a dead end corridor does not satisfy the travel distance as described in Sentence (2), the existing corridor is deemed to be in compliance where additional fire protection measures are provided that are approved.

Number of exits

9.4.3.2.  Each floor area used by patients or residents shall be served by not fewer than two exits.

Stairway separations

9.4.3.3.  (1)  Each exit stairway shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Closures in stairway fire separations shall conform to Article 9.4.2.8.

Door swing

9.4.3.4.  (1)  Each exit door shall open in the direction of exit travel and swing on its vertical axis.

(2)  Existing door swing arrangements not in conformance with Sentence (1) may be approved.

Exit signs

9.4.3.5.  (1)  Signs for exits and access to exits shall comply with the requirements of Article 3.4.5.1. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), existing signs may be approved.

Fire escapes

9.4.3.6.  (1)  A fire escape shall not be erected on an existing building unless it is not practical in the circumstances to provide one or more exit facilities, described under Article 3.4.1.2. of the 1986 Building Code, and provided that the fire escape does not serve floor areas above the second floor.

(2)  A fire escape permitted under Sentence (1) shall be constructed to comply with the requirements of Article 3.4.7.13. of the 1986 Building Code, except that the fire escape shall not be less than 1100 mm in width when serving floor areas with non-ambulatory residents.

(3)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), an existing fire escape may be approved.

Emergency lighting

9.4.3.7.  Emergency lighting shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of Article 3.2.7.3. of the 1986 Building Code.

Subsection 9.4.4.  Fire Alarm and Detection

Fire alarm requirements

9.4.4.1.  A fire alarm and detection system shall be installed in each building.

9.4.4.2.  (1)  Fire alarm and detection systems shall comply with the requirements of Subsection 3.2.4. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), in buildings constructed prior to December 1, 1983, heat detectors may be installed in bedrooms, corridors and stair shafts to satisfy the 1986 Building Code, except where other detection is required by Sentences 9.4.2.3.(3), 9.4.2.5.(2) or 9.4.2.6.(4).

(3)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), where the Chief Fire Official is satisfied that the performance and reliability of an existing fire alarm system will provide an adequate early warning level, the existing system may remain, be modified or be extended, provided compatibility of components is maintained.

Signals to fire department

9.4.4.3.  (1)  Each fire alarm system shall be connected to the fire department headquarters by

(a) a direct connection, provided the fire department has the necessary facilities to accept such a connection, or

(b) a central station or proprietary control station.

(2)  Where the provisions required in Sentence (1) are not available, a procedure for notifying the fire department shall be approved.

Shutdown of air handling systems

9.4.4.4.  (1)  Recirculating air handling systems that serve more than 1 storey or more than one zone as described in Sentence 9.4.2.7.(1) shall be arranged to shut down upon actuation of the fire alarm system.

(2)  In buildings greater than 6 storeys in building height, air handling systems serving more than 1 storey or more than one zone as described in Article 9.4.2.7. shall be arranged to shut down upon actuation of the fire alarm system, except where continued operation of the air handling system serves as part of a smoke control system.

Subsection 9.4.5.  Suppression

Access for fire fighting

9.4.5.1.  (1)  Access routes for fire fighting shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of Article 3.2.5.2. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply where the building is sprinklered.

(3)  Access routes that do not comply with Sentence (1) may be approved where available fire department equipment has access to the building or alternative provisions are made under Subsection 2.8.2. for such access.

Sprinkler systems

9.4.5.2.  (1)  Sprinkler systems shall be designed in conformance with Article 3.2.5.5. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), water supply requirements for sprinkler systems required in this Section may be based on

(a) the operation of at least three sprinkler heads spaced not to exceed 14.4 m² per head, and

(b) a sprinkler discharge rate of not less than 100 L/min at any single operating sprinkler head for a duration of 30 min.

(3)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), existing sprinkler systems providing adequate protection may be approved.

Firefighters' elevators

9.4.5.3.  (1)  In buildings greater than 6 storeys in building height, at least one elevator shall be provided for use by firefighters.

(2)  An elevator is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the elevator is capable of providing transportation from the street floor to each floor normally served by the elevator system,

(b) the elevator is identified on the street floor as an elevator for use by firefighters,

(c) the elevator satisfies the requirements of Article 3.2.6.3. of the 1986 Building Code, and

(d) other elevator cabs in the same shaft as the elevator for use by firefighters satisfy the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.3.(1) and (2) of the 1986 Building Code.

Voice communication systems

9.4.5.4.  (1)  In buildings greater than 6 storeys in building height, a voice communication system shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of Article 3.2.4.16. of the 1986 Building Code.

(2)  A public address system compatible with the fire safety plan required under Subsection 2.8.2. is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

SECTION 9.5  BUILDINGS UP TO AND INCLUDING 6 STOREYS IN BUILDING HEIGHT WITH RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES

Subsection 9.5.1.  Application

Application

9.5.1.1.  (1)  This Section applies to buildings up to and including 6 storeys in building height with residential occupancies and containing

(a) more than two dwelling units where

(i) at least two dwelling units share common exit facilities and have interior access to one another,

(ii) there is at least one dwelling unit located above another with interior access to one another, or

(iii) there is at least one dwelling unit located above another and the dwelling units share common exit facilities,

(b) sleeping accommodation for more than 10 persons, in one or more dormitories,

(c) boarding, lodging or rooming accommodation for more than four persons where Sections 9.3 and 9.4. do not apply, or

(d) one or two dwelling units in combination with boarding, lodging or rooming accommodation for two, three or four persons, excluding the operator's residence.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), if the building contains other occupancies, this Section does not apply to the fire safety systems, devices and structural elements of the other occupancies that do not affect the life safety of the residential occupancy.

(3)  If a building contains areas that are governed by this Section and by another Section in this Part, the fire safety systems, devices and structural elements applicable to those areas shall comply with the requirements of this Section and the other Section that provide the greatest protection for life safety.

(4)  For the purposes of this Section,

"1990 Building Code" means Ontario Regulation 413/90, as it read on October 9, 1992;

"existing" means in existence on October 9, 1992.

Exemption for convents and monasteries

9.5.1.2.  Convents and monasteries are exempt from this Section.

Exemption for hotels

9.5.1.3.  This Section does not apply to a building or part of a building regulated by Section 9.9.

Subsection 9.5.2.  Containment

Construction

9.5.2.1.  (1)  Existing buildings shall comply with the applicable construction requirements of Articles 9.5.2.2. to 9.5.2.5.

(2)  Fire separations required by this Section to have a fire-resistance rating shall be in accordance with Subsection 3.1.7. and Articles 3.1.8.1., 3.1.8.2., 3.1.8.3. and 3.5.4.2. of the 1990 Building Code.

(3)  Where a 45 min or less fire-resistance rating is required, existing wall assemblies, floor assemblies, ceilings and their supporting assemblies, consisting of membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum board, are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

(4)  Heavy timber construction conforming to Article 3.1.4.6. of the 1990 Building Code is deemed to have a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(5)  Buildings with limited combustible components may be approved as noncombustible construction.

(6)  Floor assemblies shall be fire separations with fire-resistance ratings as required by Articles 9.5.2.2. to 9.5.2.5.

(7)  Sentence (6) does not apply to floor assemblies between different levels of the same multi-level dwelling unit.

Buildings up to 3 storeys

9.5.2.2.  (1)  Buildings shall comply with the requirements of Sentence (2) where the building is

(a) not more than 1 storey in building height and not greater than 1200 m² in building area,

(b) not more than 2 storeys in building height and not greater than 900 m² in building area, or

(c) not more than 3 storeys in building height and not greater than 600 m² in building area.

(2)  Floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies shall have a 30 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Where sleeping accommodation, recreation rooms, meeting rooms or hobby rooms are not provided in the basement, an existing fire separation between the first storey and basement is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2) where

(a) the basement is sprinklered, or

(b) the building contains not more than four dwelling units and provides sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons, and

(i) interconnected smoke alarms are installed in accordance with Article 9.5.4.4.,

(ii) doors connecting the basement and first storey are in compliance with Sentence 9.5.2.8.(4), and

(iii) fire stopping of the wall space at the basement level is in accordance with Article 9.10.15.3. of the 1990 Building Code.

(4)  The water supply for the sprinklers referred to in Clause (3)(a) may be taken from the domestic supply where the supply provides sufficient density for the largest fire compartment and where the supply is approved.

Deemed compliance

9.5.2.3.  (1)  Buildings are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence 9.5.2.2.(2) where

(a) the building is sprinklered, or

(b) the building is 1 storey in building height and is not greater than 600 m² in building area.

Buildings up to 4 storeys

9.5.2.4.  (1)  Buildings to which Sentence 9.5.2.2.(1) does not apply and which are not more than 4 storeys in building height shall comply with Sentences (2) and (3).

(2)  Floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies shall have a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Smoke detectors shall be provided as fire detectors in public corridors serving dwelling units in buildings of combustible construction.

(4)  A building that is sprinklered is deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (2) and (3).

Buildings over 4 storeys

9.5.2.5.  (1)  Buildings that are more than 4 storeys in building height shall

(a) have a 45 min fire-resistance rating for floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies, and

(b) be sprinklered, where the building is of combustible construction.

(2)  Where only the roof assembly is of combustible construction, the building is deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(b) where

(a) the ceiling membrane has a 45 min fire-resistance rating and the attic space is fire stopped in accordance with Article 3.1.11.5. of the 1990 Building Code,

(b) the roof assembly is of heavy timber construction in accordance with Article 3.1.4.6. of the 1990 Building Code, or

(c) the top storey and attic space are sprinklered.

(3)  Where smoke detectors are provided in public corridors, a building of heavy timber construction conforming to Article 3.1.4.6. of the 1990 Building Code is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Fire separations between occupancies

9.5.2.6.  (1)  Fire separations having a 1 h fire-resistance rating shall be provided between residential occupancies and other major occupancies.

(2)  Existing fire separations having a 30 min fire-resistance rating are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the building is sprinklered and the sprinkler system complies with Article 9.5.5.3., or

(b) the part of the building containing the other major occupancy is equipped with heat detectors and connecting corridors are equipped with smoke detectors as part of the fire alarm system of the building.

(3)  Existing fire separations consisting of membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum board are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Fire separations between dwelling units and corridors

9.5.2.7.  (1)  Each dwelling unit and sleeping room not within a dwelling unit shall be separated from adjacent rooms and areas by fire separations having a 30 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Public corridors shall be separated from adjacent rooms and areas by fire separations having a 30 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Where the floor area is sprinklered, existing fire separations having less than a 30 min fire-resistance rating are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

Protection of openings in fire separations

9.5.2.8.  (1)  Closures in fire separations shall be in accordance with Sentences 3.1.8.4.(2), 3.1.8.10.(1) and 3.1.8.11.(1) and Article 3.1.8.13. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Openings in a fire separation having a 30 min fire-resistance rating shall be protected with closures having a 20 min fire-protection rating.

(3)  Where a 45 min fire-protection rating is required, existing closures consisting of

(a) hollow metal or kalamein doors in hollow metal frames, with openings, if any, protected by wired glass, and equipped with self-closing devices, or

(b) wired glass screens set in fixed steel frames

are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(4)  Where a 20 min fire-protection rating is required, existing closures consisting of 45 mm solid core wood doors installed in solid wood or hollow metal frames and equipped with self-closing devices are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

(5)  Existing closures in fire separations to which Article 9.5.2.7. applies are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2) where

(a) the floor area is sprinklered, or

(b) interconnected smoke alarms are installed in accordance with Article 9.5.4.4., the building has not more than four dwelling units and the building provides sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons.

(6)  Despite Sentence (1), closures in fire separations to which Article 9.5.2.7. applies do not require self-closing devices, except as required in Sentences 9.5.3.1.(2) and 9.5.3.3.(3).

(7)  Existing operable transoms and glass lights shall be fixed shut and shall meet the fire-protection rating requirements of Sentences (1) and (2).

(8)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), fire dampers or fire-stop flaps are not required in existing noncombustible ducts at penetrations of fire separations.

Storage rooms

9.5.2.9.  (1)  Storage rooms for the use of occupants, not contained within a dwelling unit or suite,

(a) shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating, and

(b) shall be

(i) sprinklered, or

(ii) subdivided into areas not exceeding 150 m² by fire separations having a 45 min fire-resistance rating and equipped with fire detectors connected to the fire alarm system.

(2)  Existing storage rooms are deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(b) where the building contains not more than four dwelling units and provides sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons.

(3)  Existing storage rooms are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the building contains not more than four dwelling units and provides sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons, and

(b) sleeping rooms are not located on the same floor as storage rooms.

Fuel-fired appliance service rooms

9.5.2.10.  (1)  Fuel-fired appliances shall be enclosed in a service room separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating where the building height is greater than 2 storeys or the building area is greater than 400 m².

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply to fireplaces within a dwelling unit or suite.

(3)  Despite Sentence (1), the fire-resistance rating of the fire separation above the service room is not required where

(a) the required vertical fire separation to a service room is provided, and

(b) the service room area is sprinklered, with a spacing not exceeding 9.5 m² per sprinkler head, or providing a minimum average density of 6.5 L/min/m² over the room area.

Combustion air

9.5.2.11.  Where a service room is separated in accordance with Article 9.5.2.10., sufficient combustion air shall be brought directly from the outside for the proper combustion and safe operation of the appliances.

Incinerator and refuse storage rooms

9.5.2.12.  (1)  Incinerator rooms and refuse storage rooms shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Refuse storage rooms shall be sprinklered with a spacing not exceeding 9.5 m² per sprinkler head or providing a minimum average density of 6.5 L/min/m² over the room area.

Vertical service spaces

9.5.2.13.  (1)  Vertical service spaces shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating equivalent to that required for the floor assemblies within the building in accordance with Articles 9.5.2.2. to 9.5.2.5.

(2)  Where openings in the vertical service space, including the top and bottom, are sealed with noncombustible materials having the same fire-resistance rating as the existing construction, the vertical service space is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Refuse and linen chutes

9.5.2.14.  (1)  Each room into which a linen or refuse chute discharges shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in each linen or refuse chute

(a) at the top,

(b) at alternate floor levels, and

(c) in the room or bin into which the chute discharges.

(3)  Where the room into which the chute discharges is sprinklered and at least one sprinkler head is installed at the top of the chute, an existing chute installation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

(4)  Despite Sentence 9.5.2.1.(2), a closure is not required at the opening between the chute and the room into which it discharges.

Storage garages

9.5.2.15.  A storage garage shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

Subsection 9.5.3.  Means of Egress

Access to exits

9.5.3.1.  (1)  Each dwelling unit or suite in a floor area shall have a doorway leading to

(a) the outside at or near grade,

(b) an outside passageway where it is possible to go in opposite directions to separate exits, or

(c) a public corridor where it is possible to go in opposite directions to separate exits.

(2)  Access to exits through a dead end public corridor is deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(c) where

(a) the distance along the dead end does not exceed 6 m plus the width of the corridor, measured from any door along the corridor to a point where a choice of two directions of exit travel is available, and

(b) self-closing devices are provided on suite entrance doors opening onto the dead end portion of the corridor.

(3)  Access to exits through a dead end corridor in boarding, lodging or rooming accommodation is deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(c) where

(a) the building is not more than 3 storeys in building height,

(b) sleeping accommodation is provided for not more than 10 persons,

(c) not more than two persons require assistance to evacuate the building in a fire emergency,

(d) smoke alarms are installed in the means of egress in accordance with Sentence 9.5.4.1.(2), and

(e) the building complies with the requirements of Section 2.8.

(4)  Existing dead end public corridors are deemed to be in compliance with Clause (2)(a) where additional fire protection measures are approved that, in the opinion of the Chief Fire Official, will provide protection for life safety similar to the protection provided by compliance with Clause (2)(a).

(5)  Despite Sentence (1), a doorway from a dwelling unit or suite may open onto

(a) an exit stairway,

(b) a fire escape,

(c) a public corridor served by a single exit, or

(d) an outside passageway served by a single exit stairway,

if the dwelling unit or suite has access to a second and separate exit or the building is in compliance with Sentence 9.5.3.2.(2) or (3).

Number of exits

9.5.3.2.  (1)  Each floor area shall be served by a minimum of two exits.

(2)  A single exit from a basement, first or second floor is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the exit does not serve more than four dwelling units, the exit does not serve more than 10 persons and the building is not more than 3 storeys in building height and is not greater than 600 m² in building area.

(3)  Where a building is not more than 3 storeys in building height and not greater than 600 m² in building area, alternative measures to Sentence (1) may be used if they are approved, and in the opinion of the Chief Fire Official, will provide protection for life safety similar to the protection provided by compliance with Sentence (1).

Stairway separations

9.5.3.3.  (1)  Each exit stairway shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Where the building is not more than 3 storeys in building height, a fire separation having a 30 min fire-resistance rating is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Closures in stairway fire separations referred to in Sentences (1) and (2) shall be equipped with self-closing devices.

Door swing

9.5.3.4.  Where the occupant load in a building exceeds 24 persons or there are more than 10 dwelling units, each exit door, except those serving a single dwelling unit, shall open in the direction of exit travel and swing on its vertical axis.

Exit signs

9.5.3.5.  (1)  Each exit door, except for the main entrance to a building, dwelling unit or suite, shall have an exit sign when the exit serves

(a) a building exceeding 2 storeys in building height,

(b) a building having an occupant load greater than 150 persons, or

(c) a floor area other than a single dwelling unit with a fire escape as part of a means of egress.

(2)  Where exit signs are not visible throughout the corridors and passageways, additional exit signs shall be installed in approved locations to indicate the direction of egress.

(3)  Exit signs required in Sentences (1) and (2) shall have

(a) the word "EXIT" or the words "EXIT/SORTIE" in red letters on a contrasting background or white letters on a red background,

(b) letters with strokes at least 19 mm wide,

(c) letters at least 150 mm high when the signs are externally illuminated, and

(d) letters at least 114 mm high when the signs are internally illuminated.

Interior finishes

9.5.3.6.  (1)  Flame-spread ratings of interior wall and ceiling finishes within a means of egress shall not exceed 150.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), existing interior wall and ceiling finishes within an access to exit may be approved if, in the opinion of the Chief Fire Official, they will provide protection for life safety similar to the protection provided by compliance with Sentence (1).

Fire escapes

9.5.3.7.  (1)  Each fire escape used as an exit shall be in accordance with Articles 3.4.7.2., 3.4.7.3., 3.4.7.5. and 3.4.7.6. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Where a fire escape serves any storey above the second floor,

(a) doorway openings shall be protected with closures having a 20 min fire-protection rating and equipped with self-closing devices, and

(b) window openings shall be protected by

(i) closures having a 20 min fire-protection rating and that are fixed shut,

(ii) wired glass screens set in fixed steel frames,

(iii) glass block, or

(iv) listed steel shutters arranged to close automatically upon the operation of a fusible link,

where such openings are located within 3 m horizontally of, 3 storeys or 10 m below, or 1.8 m above, any balcony, platform or stairway of the fire escape.

(3)  The fusible link referred to in Clause (2)(b)(iii) shall be in conformance with ULC-S505, "Standard for Fusible Links for Fire Protection Service".

(4)  The wired glass screens and glass block referred to in Clause (2)(b) shall be installed in conformance with Article 3.1.8.14. of the 1990 Building Code.

(5)  Despite Sentence 9.1.1.2.(1), the owner need not comply with the requirements of Clause (2)(b) until November 21, 2008.

Lighting

9.5.3.8.  Public corridors and stairways that form part of a means of egress shall be adequately illuminated to allow for the safe evacuation of occupants.

Emergency lighting

9.5.3.9.  (1)  Emergency lighting shall be provided in exit stairways, public corridors and other principal access to exits where the occupant load in a building exceeds 24 persons or there are more than 10 dwelling units.

(2)  Emergency lighting required in Sentence (1) shall be

(a) designed to provide illumination for a duration of at least 30 min,

(b) supplied by a source of energy separate from the primary electrical supply for the building, and

(c) designed to be automatically actuated when the power to the building is interrupted.

(3)  Illumination from emergency lighting shall be an average of at least 10 lx at floor or tread level, or 1 watt/m² of floor space.

Subsection 9.5.4.  Fire Alarm and Detection

Fire alarm requirements

9.5.4.1.  (1)  A fire alarm system shall be installed in accordance with Articles 3.2.4.2. to 3.2.4.6., 3.2.4.8., 3.2.4.9. and 3.2.4.17. and Sentences 3.2.7.8.(1) to (4) of the 1990 Building Code, where

(a) the building is greater than 3 storeys in building height, or

(b) sleeping accommodation is provided for more than 10 persons.

(2)  A building not greater than 3 storeys in building height that contains not more than 10 dwelling units and provides sleeping accommodation for not more than 24 persons is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the building is equipped with

(a) smoke alarms in accordance with Article 9.5.4.4., installed and interconnected so that the actuation of any smoke alarm will sound a similar signal in each of the interconnected devices, and

(b) a manual pull station at each exterior exit door for the actuation of the smoke alarms in Clause (a).

(3)  A building is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) each exit and public corridor is shared by not more than four dwelling units or not more than 10 persons in boarding, lodging, rooming or dormitory accommodation, or

(b) each dwelling unit and suite has direct access to outdoors by a door near ground level.

Non-electric fire alarm systems

9.5.4.2.  (1)  Existing manually operated, non-electric alarm systems employing mechanical gongs are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence 9.5.4.1.(1), where

(a) the building is not more than 2 storeys in building height,

(b) not more than two manual fire alarm stations are required in the building, and

(c) each gong is audible in every location in the building.

Automatic detection

9.5.4.3.  (1)  Automatic detection devices referred to in Sentences (2) and (3) shall be installed and connected to the fire alarm system required in Sentence 9.5.4.1.(1).

(2)  Fire detectors shall be installed in storage rooms, locker rooms, service rooms, machinery rooms, heating rooms, incinerator rooms, linen and refuse chute intake compartments, janitors' closets and refuse storage rooms, at the tops of elevator shafts and in any room or area where hazardous or combustible materials may be used or stored.

(3)  Rooms or areas that are sprinklered in accordance with Article 3.2.4.16. of the 1990 Building Code are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

Interconnected smoke alarms

9.5.4.4.  (1)  Interconnected smoke alarms required in Sentence 9.5.4.1.(2), Subclause 9.5.2.2.(3)(b)(i) or Clause 9.5.2.8.(5)(b) shall be

(a) installed on or near the ceiling in public corridors of each floor area, adjacent to each stairway serving the public corridor and on or near the ceiling in the basement, adjacent to each stairway,

(b) audible throughout the suites,

(c) connected to an electrical circuit with no disconnect switch between the overcurrent device and the smoke alarms, and

(d) listed for use in an interconnected installation.

Smoke alarms

9.5.4.5.  (1)  Smoke alarms shall be installed in each dwelling unit and in each sleeping room not within a dwelling unit in accordance with Article 3.2.4.21. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Battery-operated smoke alarms are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence 3.2.4.21.(4) of the 1990 Building Code.

(3)  Smoke alarms required in Sentence (1) shall be in accordance with CAN/ULC-S531, "Standard for Smoke Alarms", and CAN/ULC-S553, "Standard for the Installation of Smoke Alarms".

(4)  Existing smoke alarms meeting the requirements of ULC-S531-1978, "Standard for Smoke Alarms", are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (3).

Existing fire alarm systems

9.5.4.6.  Despite Articles 9.5.4.1. to 9.5.4.4., where the performance and reliability of an existing fire alarm system will provide an adequate early warning level, the existing system may remain, be modified or be extended, if compatibility of the components is maintained and the system is approved.

Subsection 9.5.5.  Suppression

Access for fire fighting

9.5.5.1.  (1)  Access routes for fire fighting shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of Articles 3.2.5.5. to 3.2.5.7. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply where the building is sprinklered.

Standpipe systems

9.5.5.2.  (1)  A standpipe and hose system in accordance with Articles 3.2.9.1. to 3.2.9.7. of the 1990 Building Code shall be installed in buildings more than 4 storeys in building height where the fifth or sixth storey is used for a residential occupancy.

(2)  A wet or dry standpipe system is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where it includes

(a) a 50 mm riser and 50 mm extensions,

(b) capped 38 mm hose valves located so that any point on the floor area may be reached by 30 m of hose plus 3 m of hose stream from at least one hose valve,

(c) a fire department connection in accordance with Sentences 3.2.9.5.(2) to (9) of the 1990 Building Code, and

(d) a water supply in accordance with Sentences 3.2.9.3.(1) to (3) of the 1990 Building Code.

(3)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), existing standpipe systems and water supplies may be used if the systems or measures will provide sufficient fire suppression capability in the circumstances and if the systems or measures are approved.

Sprinkler systems

9.5.5.3.  (1)  Where a building or portion thereof is required to be sprinklered, the sprinkler system shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Articles 3.2.5.13. to 3.2.5.16. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Existing sprinkler systems are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) if the average sprinkler discharge density over the design area is at least equal to the minimum density corresponding to the area for light hazard classification as defined in NFPA 13, "Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems", or NFPA 13R, "Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies Up to and Including Four Stories in Height", whichever is applicable.

(3)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), existing sprinkler systems providing adequate protection that will control or extinguish fire and that are approved may be used.

SECTION 9.6  BUILDINGS HIGHER THAN 6 STOREYS IN BUILDING HEIGHT WITH RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES

Subsection 9.6.1.  Application

Application

9.6.1.1.  (1)  This Section applies to buildings higher than 6 storeys in building height with residential occupancies and containing

(a) more than two dwelling units,

(b) sleeping accommodation for more than 10 persons in one or more dormitories, or

(c) boarding, lodging or rooming accommodation for more than 10 persons.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), if the building contains other occupancies, this Section does not apply to the fire safety systems, devices and structural elements of the other occupancies that do not affect the life safety of the residential occupancy.

(3)  If a building contains areas that are governed by this Section and by another Section in this Part, the fire safety systems, devices and structural elements applicable to those areas shall comply with the requirements of this Section and the other Section that provide the greatest protection for life safety.

(4)  For the purposes of this Section,

"1990 Building Code" means Ontario Regulation 413/90, as it read on October 9, 1992;

"existing" means in existence on October 9, 1992.

Exemption for convents and monasteries

9.6.1.2.  Convents and monasteries are exempt from this Section.

Exemption for hotels

9.6.1.3.  This Section does not apply to a building or part of a building regulated by Section 9.9.

Subsection 9.6.2.  Containment

Construction

9.6.2.1.  (1)  Existing buildings shall comply with Articles 9.6.2.2. and 9.6.2.3.

(2)  Fire separations required by this Section to have a fire-resistance rating shall be in accordance with Subsection 3.1.7. and Articles 3.1.8.1., 3.1.8.3. and 3.5.4.2. of the 1990 Building Code.

(3)  Where a 1 h or less fire-resistance rating is required, existing wall assemblies, floor assemblies and their supporting assemblies consisting of

(a) reinforced concrete,

(b) masonry, or

(c) clay tile with plaster or gypsum board finish on both sides

are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

(4)  Where a 45 min or less fire-resistance rating is required, existing wall assemblies, floor assemblies, ceilings and their supporting assemblies, consisting of membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum board are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

Floor assemblies

9.6.2.2.  (1)  Floor assemblies shall be fire separations having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies shall have a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Sentences (1) and (2) do not apply to floor assemblies between different levels of the same multi-level dwelling unit.

Combustible construction

9.6.2.3.  (1)  Buildings of combustible construction shall be sprinklered.

(2)  Where only the roof assembly is of combustible construction, the building is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the ceiling membrane has a 45 min fire-resistance rating and the attic space is fire stopped in accordance with Article 3.1.11.5. of the 1990 Building Code,

(b) the roof assembly is of heavy timber construction in accordance with Article 3.1.4.6. of the 1990 Building Code, or

(c) the top storey and attic space are sprinklered.

Fire separations between occupancies

9.6.2.4.  (1)  Fire separations having a 1 h fire-resistance rating shall be provided between residential occupancies and other major occupancies.

(2)  Existing fire separations having a 30 min fire-resistance rating are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the other major occupancy is sprinklered.

Fire separations between dwelling units and corridors

9.6.2.5.  (1)  Each dwelling unit and sleeping room not within a dwelling unit shall be separated from adjacent rooms and areas by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Public corridors shall be separated from adjacent rooms and areas by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Existing fire separations having less than a 45 min fire-resistance rating are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2) where the floor area is sprinklered.

(4)  Existing fire separations having a 30 min fire-resistance rating are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2) where smoke detectors are installed in public corridors.

Protection of openings in fire separations

9.6.2.6.  (1)  Closures in fire separations shall be in accordance with Sentences 3.1.8.4.(2), 3.1.8.10.(1) and 3.1.8.11.(1) and Articles 3.1.8.13. and 3.3.4.5. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Openings in fire separations having a 30 min fire-resistance rating shall be protected with closures having a 20 min fire-protection rating.

(3)  Where a 1.5 h fire-protection rating is required, existing closures consisting of hollow metal or kalamein doors in hollow metal frames, with openings, if any, protected by wired glass panels not exceeding 645 cm², and equipped with self-closing and latching devices are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(4)  Where a 1 h or 45 min fire-protection rating is required, existing closures are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where they consist of

(a) hollow metal or kalamein doors in hollow metal frames, with openings, if any, protected by wired glass, and equipped with self-closing and latching devices, or

(b) wired glass screens set in fixed steel frames.

(5)  Where a 20 min fire-protection rating is required, or in a fire separation required under Article 9.6.2.5., existing closures consisting of 45 mm solid core wood doors installed in solid wood or hollow metal frames and equipped with self-closing and latching devices are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

(6)  Where the floor area is sprinklered, existing closures in fire separations to which Article 9.6.2.5. applies are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2) and Sentences 3.1.8.4.(2) and 3.1.8.10.(1) of the 1990 Building Code.

(7)  Despite Sentence (1), garbage intake room doors that swing inward shall be acceptable without a latching device.

(8)  Existing operable transoms and glass lights shall be fixed shut and shall meet the fire-protection rating requirements of Sentences (1) and (2).

(9)  Despite Sentences (1) and (2), fire dampers or fire-stop flaps are not required in existing noncombustible ducts at penetrations of fire separations.

Storage rooms

9.6.2.7.  (1)  Storage rooms for the use of occupants, not contained within a dwelling unit or suite, shall be

(a) separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating, and

(b) sprinklered in accordance with Article 9.6.5.5.

(2)  Despite Clause (1)(b), existing sprinkler systems or alternate fire protection systems that will control or extinguish fire and that are approved may be used.

Fuel-fired appliance service rooms

9.6.2.8.  (1)  Fuel-fired appliances shall be enclosed in a service room separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply to fireplaces within a dwelling unit or suite.

Incinerator rooms

9.6.2.9.  (1)  Incinerator rooms shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 2 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  A fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the incinerator room is sprinklered.

Combustion air

9.6.2.10.  Where a service room is separated in accordance with Article 9.6.2.8., sufficient combustion air shall be brought directly from the outside for the proper combustion and safe operation of the appliances.

Refuse storage rooms

9.6.2.11.  (1)  Refuse storage rooms shall be

(a) separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating, and

(b) sprinklered to provide a minimum average density of 6.5 L/min/m² over the room area.

Vertical service spaces

9.6.2.12.  (1)  Vertical service spaces shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Where openings in the vertical service space, including the top and bottom, are sealed with noncombustible materials having the same fire-resistance rating as the existing construction, the vertical service space is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Refuse and linen chutes

9.6.2.13.  (1)  Each room into which a linen or refuse chute discharges shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in each linen or refuse chute

(a) at the top,

(b) at alternate floor levels, and

(c) in the room or bin into which the chute discharges.

(3)  An existing chute installation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2) where

(a) the chute outlet in the discharge room is protected by an automatic, self-latching closure held open by a fusible link,

(b) the room into which the chute discharges is sprinklered, and

(c) at least one sprinkler head with a minimum discharge rate of 66 L/min is located at the top of the chute.

Transformer vaults

9.6.2.14.  Transformer vaults to which the Electricity Act, 1998 applies shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 2 h fire-resistance rating and shall be provided with heat detectors connected to the fire alarm system.

Storage garages

9.6.2.15.  (1)  A storage garage shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1.5 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Underground storage garages shall be sprinklered.

(3)  Where an underground storage garage is equipped with heat detectors connected to the fire alarm system and vestibules are located at points of access to the residential occupancy, the garage is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

Smoke control measures

9.6.2.16.  (1)  Buildings where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 18 m shall have smoke control measures in accordance with Article 3.2.6.2. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Buildings are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) all dwelling units have access to an exterior balcony,

(b) the length of public corridors does not exceed 30 m between exits,

(c) public corridors on each floor area are equipped with smoke detectors connected to the fire alarm system,

(d) public corridors on each floor area are subdivided in accordance with Sentence (3), or

(e) the building is fully sprinklered.

(3)  The public corridor subdivision referred to in Clause (2)(d) shall

(a) separate the corridor into at least two compartments by a fire separation,

(b) be located so that no more than one of the required exit stairs is located in any one compartment and the distance of travel from any suite entrance door to an exit or adjacent compartment does not exceed 25 m, and

(c) include smoke-tight doors equipped with self-closing devices that act as closures in the fire separation.

Subsection 9.6.3.  Means of Egress

Access to exits

9.6.3.1.  (1)  Each dwelling unit or suite in a floor area shall have a doorway leading to

(a) the outside at or near grade,

(b) an outside passageway where it is possible to go in opposite directions to separate exits, or

(c) a public corridor where it is possible to go in opposite directions to separate exits.

(2)  Access to exits through a dead end public corridor is deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(c) where the distance of travel, measured from any door along the corridor to a point where a choice of two directions of exit travel is available, does not exceed 6 m plus the width of the corridor.

(3)  Existing dead end public corridors are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2) where additional fire protection measures are approved that, in the opinion of the Chief Fire Official, will provide protection for life safety similar to the protection provided by compliance with Sentence (2).

(4)  Despite Sentence (1), a doorway from a dwelling unit or suite may open onto

(a) an exit stairway,

(b) a public corridor served by a single exit, or

(c) an outside passageway served by a single exit stairway

if the dwelling unit or suite has access to a second and separate exit.

Number of exits

9.6.3.2.  (1)  Each floor area shall be served by a minimum of two exits.

(2)  The minimum distance between exits shall be 9 m or half the maximum diagonal dimension of the floor area, whichever is less.

Travel distance

9.6.3.3.  (1)  The travel distance to at least one exit shall not exceed

(a) 30 m in a floor area that is not sprinklered, or

(b) 45 m in a sprinklered floor area.

Stairway separations

9.6.3.4.  (1)  Each exit stairway shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Closures in stairway fire separations shall be in accordance with Article 9.6.2.6.

Door swing

9.6.3.5.  Each exit door, except those serving a single dwelling unit, shall open in the direction of exit travel and swing on its vertical axis.

Exit signs

9.6.3.6.  (1)  Exit signs shall be installed in accordance with Subsection 3.4.5. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Each door opening into an exit stairway from a public corridor shall be identified on the stairway side with the number assigned to that floor in accordance with Article 3.4.6.17. of the 1990 Building Code.

Interior finishes

9.6.3.7.  (1)  Flame-spread ratings of interior wall and ceiling finishes within a means of egress shall be in accordance with Article 3.1.13.7. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), existing interior wall and ceiling finishes within an access to exit may be approved if, in the opinion of the Chief Fire Official, they will provide protection for life safety similar to the protection provided by compliance with Sentence (1).

Lighting

9.6.3.8.  Public corridors and stairways that form part of a means of egress shall be adequately illuminated to allow for the safe evacuation of occupants.

Emergency lighting

9.6.3.9.  (1)  Emergency lighting shall be provided in exit stairways, public corridors and other principal access to exits.

(2)  Emergency lighting required in Sentence (1) shall be

(a) designed to provide illumination for a duration of at least

(i) 2 h in buildings whose highest floor level is more than 18 m above grade, and

(ii) 30 min in buildings whose highest floor level is not more than 18 m above grade,

(b) supplied by a source of energy separate from the primary electrical supply for the building, and

(c) designed to be automatically actuated when the power to the building is interrupted.

(3)  Illumination from emergency lighting shall be an average of at least 10 lx at floor or tread level, or 1 watt/m² of floor space.

Subsection 9.6.4.  Fire Alarm and Detection

Fire alarm requirements

9.6.4.1.  (1)  A fire alarm and detection system shall be installed in each building in accordance with Articles 3.2.4.1. to 3.2.4.14., 3.2.4.16. to 3.2.4.20., 3.2.4.22. and 3.2.7.8. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  An existing fire alarm system is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the system

(a) complies with Articles 9.6.4.2. to 9.6.4.9., and

(b) operates in accordance with Article 3.2.4.4. of the 1990 Building Code.

Automatic detection

9.6.4.2.  (1)  Automatic detection devices referred to in Sentences (2) and (3) shall be installed and connected to the fire alarm system required in Sentence 9.6.4.1.(2).

(2)  Fire detectors shall be installed in storage rooms, locker rooms, service rooms, machinery rooms, heating rooms, incinerator rooms, linen and refuse chute intake compartments, janitors' closets and refuse storage rooms, at the tops of elevator shafts and exit stair shafts, and in any room or area where hazardous or combustible materials may be used or stored.

(3)  Rooms or areas that are sprinklered in accordance with Article 3.2.4.16. of the 1990 Building Code are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

Manual pull stations

9.6.4.3.  Manual pull stations shall be provided in accordance with Article 3.2.4.17. of the 1990 Building Code.

Electrical supervision

9.6.4.4.  (1)  The fire alarm system shall be electrically supervised.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), electrical supervision of the bell circuits is not required where bells operate on more than one circuit on each floor.

Annunciator panels

9.6.4.5.  (1)  An annunciator panel shall

(a) be located at the main street entrance to the building or a location that is accessible to the fire department and that is approved, and

(b) indicate all floors with not more than one floor per zone indicated.

(2)  Despite Clause (1)(b), existing annunciator zone indication that is compatible with the fire safety plan required under Subsection 2.8.2. and that is approved may be used.

Signals to the fire department

9.6.4.6.  Fire alarm systems in buildings where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 18 m shall have provision for notifying the fire department in accordance with Sentences 3.2.4.7.(1) to (4) of the 1990 Building Code that a fire alarm signal or alert signal has been initiated.

Voice communication systems

9.6.4.7.  (1)  A voice communication system shall be provided where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 36 m.

(2)  The voice communication system required by Sentence (1) shall

(a) consist of loudspeakers operated from the central alarm and control facility or other location that is accessible to the fire department and supervisory staff required under Subsection 2.8.2. and that is approved,

(b) provide a clear verbal signal throughout the building, except for within elevator cars, and

(c) provide for automatic silencing of the fire alarm devices when the loudspeakers are in use.

(3)  Approved existing public address systems compatible with the fire safety plan required under Subsection 2.8.2. and capable of communicating instructions to the building occupants are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

Emergency power

9.6.4.8.  Fire alarm and voice communication systems shall be provided with an electrically supervised emergency power supply in accordance with Article 3.2.7.8. of the 1990 Building Code.

Shutdown of air handling systems

9.6.4.9.  Recirculating air handling systems that serve more than one dwelling unit, suite or storey shall be equipped with a duct-type smoke detector that will automatically shut down the system upon actuation of the smoke detector.

Smoke alarms

9.6.4.10.  (1)  Smoke alarms shall be installed in each dwelling unit and in each sleeping room not within a dwelling unit in accordance with Article 3.2.4.21. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Battery-operated smoke alarms are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence 3.2.4.21.(4) of the 1990 Building Code.

(3)  Smoke alarms required in Sentence (1) shall be in accordance with CAN/ULC-S531, "Standard for Smoke Alarms", and CAN/ULC-S553, "Standard for the Installation of Smoke Alarms".

(4)  Existing smoke alarms meeting the requirements of ULC-S531-1978, "Standard for Smoke Alarms", are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (3).

Subsection 9.6.5.  Suppression

Access for fire fighting

9.6.5.1.  (1)  Access routes for fire fighting shall be provided in accordance with Articles 3.2.5.5. to 3.2.5.7. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply where the building is sprinklered.

Standpipe systems

9.6.5.2.  (1)  A standpipe and hose system in accordance with Subsection 3.2.9. of the 1990 Building Code shall be installed in each building.

(2)  A wet or dry standpipe system is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the system includes

(a) a minimum 150 mm diameter riser located in each stairwell, with 38 mm and 65 mm capped fire hose valves at each storey,

(b) capped 38 mm fire hose valves located in the public corridor so that any point on a floor area may be reached by 30 m of hose plus 3 m of hose stream from at least one hose valve,

(c) flow rates as required by Clauses 3.2.9.3.(4)(b) and (c) of the 1990 Building Code for buildings less than 84 m in height, measured between grade and the ceiling level of the top storey,

(d) flow rates as required by Clause 3.2.9.3.(5)(b) of the 1990 Building Code for buildings 84 m or more in height, measured between grade and the ceiling level of the top storey, and

(e) a water supply in accordance with Sentences 3.2.9.3.(1) and (2) of the 1990 Building Code.

(3)  An existing standpipe and hose system capable of delivering a minimum flow rate of 265 L/min for at least 30 min at a minimum discharge pressure of 345 kPa (gauge) at the two highest and most remote hose valves is deemed to be in compliance with Clauses (2) (a), (c), (d) and (e) if not less than 132 L/min can be supplied from each of the two outlets simultaneously.

(4)  Emergency power shall be provided for a standpipe system that is designed with at least one pressure zone located above another, such that the water supply for the booster pump in the upper zone must be supplied from the pump in the zone below.

Fire department connections

9.6.5.3.  (1)  A fire department connection in accordance with Sentences 3.2.9.5.(2) to (9) of the 1990 Building Code shall be provided.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), a fire department connection is not required where a booster pump equipped with emergency power is provided.

(3)  Despite Sentence (1), existing fire department connections that are visible and accessible to the fire department and that are approved may be used.

Hydrants

9.6.5.4.  (1)  Hydrants shall be located within 90 m of the building face on which the principal entrance is located.

(2)  A hydrant located within 45 m of a fire department connection, as required by Sentence 9.6.5.3.(1), is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Despite Sentence (1), existing hydrant locations that provide sufficient fire suppression capability in the circumstances and that are approved may be used.

Sprinkler systems

9.6.5.5.  (1)  Where a building or portion thereof is required to be sprinklered, the sprinkler system shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Articles 3.2.5.13. to 3.2.5.16. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Existing sprinkler systems in which the average sprinkler discharge density over the design area is at least equal to the minimum density corresponding to the area for light hazard classification as defined in NFPA 13, "Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems", are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Firefighters' elevators

9.6.5.6.  (1)  At least one elevator shall be provided for use by firefighters in accordance with Articles 3.2.6.8. and 3.2.6.9. of the 1990 Building Code in buildings where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 18 m.

(2)  An elevator is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the elevator is capable of providing transportation from the street floor to every floor served by the elevator system,

(b) the elevator is identified on the street floor as an elevator provided for use by firefighters,

(c) the elevator satisfies the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.8.(1) to (4) of the 1990 Building Code, and

(d) other elevator cabs in the same shaft as the elevator for use by firefighters satisfy the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.8.(1) and (2) of the 1990 Building Code.

(3)  An elevator system that requires transfer from one elevator to another to reach all floors above grade is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the elevators are identified on the street floor and the transfer floor as elevators provided for firefighters' use,

(b) the elevators satisfy the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.8.(1) to (4) of the 1990 Building Code,

(c) emergency power is provided capable of operating one elevator car at a time, in buildings where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 36 m, and

(d) other elevator cabs in the same shaft as the elevator for use by firefighters satisfy the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.8.(1) and (2) of the 1990 Building Code.

Emergency power supply

9.6.5.7.  (1)  Emergency electric power provided for

(a) fire alarm and detection systems referred to in Sentence 9.6.4.1.(1) and Article 9.6.4.8.,

(b) booster pumps serving standpipe systems referred to in Sentences 9.6.5.2.(4) and 9.6.5.3.(2), and

(c) elevators referred to in Clause 9.6.5.6.(3)(c)

shall be installed in accordance with Articles 3.2.7.5. and 3.2.7.8. of the 1990 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), existing emergency electric power generators that will provide reliable and sufficient electric power and that are approved may be used.

SECTION 9.7  RESERVED

SECTION 9.8  TWO UNIT RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES

Subsection 9.8.1.  Application

Application

9.8.1.1.  (1)  This Section applies to a detached house, semi-detached house or row house containing two existing dwelling units, where

(a) the building is 3 storeys or less in building height,

(b) the building area does not exceed 600 m², and

(c) one dwelling unit or a portion of a dwelling unit is situated above another dwelling unit, or two dwelling units side by side share a common interior means of escape.

(2)  For the purposes of this Section,

"1994 Building Code" means Regulation 61 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990, as it read on July 14, 1994;

"dwelling unit", in light face, means a room or suite of rooms operated as a housekeeping unit that is used as a domicile by one or more persons, and that contains cooking, eating, living, sleeping and sanitary facilities;

"existing" means in existence on July 14, 1994;

"row house" means a residential structure which

(a) is one of a group of three or more horizontally attached residential structures, and

(b) is separated vertically from one or two of the other structures by common walls which do not provide for internal access from the living space in one structure to another;

"semi-detached house" means a residential structure which

(a) is one of two horizontally attached residential structures, and

(b) is separated vertically from the other residential structure by a common wall which does not provide for internal access from the living space in one structure to the other.

Subsection 9.8.2.  Containment

General requirements for fire separations

9.8.2.1.  (1)  Fire separations required to have a fire-resistance rating by this Section shall comply with Article 9.10.3.1. of the 1994 Building Code or the corresponding compliance alternatives in Part 11 of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  Except as permitted in Article 9.8.2.5., a wall or floor assembly required to be a fire separation shall be constructed as a continuous barrier against the spread of fire.

(3)  Where a 30 min fire-resistance rating is required, existing wall assemblies and floor assemblies consisting of membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum board are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(4)  Where a 15 min fire-resistance rating is required, existing wall assemblies and floor assemblies consisting of membranes of plaster board with a plaster skim coat are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Fire separations between dwelling units

9.8.2.2.  (1)  Except as permitted in Article 9.8.2.3., each dwelling unit shall be separated from other rooms and areas by a fire separation having a 30 min fire-resistance rating conforming to Article 9.8.2.1. or shall comply with Sentence (2) or (3) of this Article.

(2)  Except as permitted in Article 9.8.2.3., each dwelling unit shall be separated from other rooms and areas by a fire separation having a 15 min fire-resistance rating conforming to Article 9.8.2.1. and be equipped with interconnected smoke alarms conforming to Article 9.8.4.1.

(3)  Existing fire separations are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where the detached house, semi-detached house, or row house is sprinklered in accordance with Article 9.8.5.1.

Alternative protection for ceilings

9.8.2.3.  The fire-resistance rating of the fire separation above a room containing a fuel-fired appliance is not required where the room is sprinklered, providing a minimum average density of 6.5 L/min/m² over the room area.

Combustion air

9.8.2.4.  Where a room containing a fuel-fired appliance is enclosed to satisfy other provisions of this Section in a manner that restricts the supply of combustion air, sufficient combustion air shall be brought directly from the outside for the proper combustion and safe operation of the appliance.

Protection of openings in fire separations

9.8.2.5.  (1)  Openings in fire separations required by Sentences 9.8.2.2.(1) and (2) and 9.8.3.3.(1) shall be protected with closures conforming to Articles 9.10.13.2. and 9.10.13.10. of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), existing 45 mm solid core wood, hollow metal or kalamein doors equipped with self-closing devices, installed in hollow metal or solid wood frames, are acceptable.

(3)  Despite Sentence (1), fire dampers or fire-stop flaps are not required in ducts at penetrations of a fire separation.

Subsection 9.8.3.  Means of Egress

Requirements for means of escape

9.8.3.1.  Each dwelling unit shall be provided with a means of escape conforming to Article 9.8.3.2., 9.8.3.3., 9.8.3.4. or 9.8.3.5.

One means of escape

9.8.3.2.  (1)  Each dwelling unit shall be served by at least one means of escape consisting of a door that

(a) serves only that dwelling unit,

(b) opens directly to the exterior from that dwelling unit, and

(c) has direct access to ground level.

9.8.3.3.  (1)  Each dwelling unit shall have direct access to at least one means of escape that may be shared if

(a) the means of escape is separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 30 min fire-resistance rating,

(b) the flame-spread rating of interior wall and ceiling finishes within the means of escape does not exceed 150, and

(c) the means of escape does not involve entering another dwelling unit or other occupancy and leads directly to the exterior with direct access to ground level.

(2)  Where a means of escape provided by Sentence (1) serves a dwelling unit situated entirely on the third storey, the detached house, semi-detached house or row house shall be equipped with interconnected smoke alarms conforming to Article 9.8.4.1.

Two means of escape

9.8.3.4.  (1)  Each dwelling unit shall be served by at least two means of escape arranged in such a manner that

(a) one means of escape shall be through a door which may lead through another dwelling unit, and

(b) the second means of escape shall be through a window if

(i) the window conforms to Sentence (2) or (3), and

(ii) the detached house, semi-detached house or row house is equipped with interconnected smoke alarms conforming to Article 9.8.4.1.

(2)  A window may serve as a second means of escape if

(a) the sill is not more than 1 m above or below the adjacent ground level,

(b) the window can be opened from the inside without the use of tools,

(c) the window has an individual, unobstructed open portion having a minimum area of 0.38 m² with no dimension less than 460 mm,

(d) the sill height does not exceed 900 mm above the floor or fixed steps,

(e) where the window has a window-well, a clearance of at least 1 m is provided in the window-well in front of the window, and

(f) where the window has a window-well, the window opens into the dwelling unit and does not interfere with escape.

(3)  A window may serve as a second means of escape if

(a) the window is of a casement type,

(b) the window is not less than 1060 mm high and 560 mm wide,

(c) the sill of the window is not more than 900 mm above the inside floor, and

(d) the sill of the window is not less than 1 m and not more than 5 m above the adjacent ground level.

Existing means of escape with sprinklers

9.8.3.5.  An existing means of escape, not conforming to Article 9.8.3.2., 9.8.3.3. or 9.8.3.4., is acceptable if the detached house, semi-detached house or row house is sprinklered in accordance with Article 9.8.5.1.

Subsection 9.8.4.  Fire Alarm and Detection

Interconnected smoke alarms

9.8.4.1.  (1)  Interconnected smoke alarms required in Sentences 9.8.2.2.(2) and 9.8.3.3.(2) and Clause 9.8.3.4.(1)(b) shall be installed on or near the ceiling in each

(a) storey within a dwelling unit, including every basement, and

(b) shared means of escape.

(2)  Smoke alarms referred to in Sentence (1) shall be

(a) electrically interconnected so that the activation of any smoke alarm will sound a similar signal in each of the interconnected devices,

(b) installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, and on floor levels containing bedrooms or sleeping areas, the required smoke alarms shall be installed between such bedrooms and the remainder of the dwelling unit, such as in a hallway or corridor serving such rooms or areas,

(c) connected to an electrical circuit with no disconnect switch between the overcurrent device and the smoke alarms,

(d) listed for use in an interconnected installation, and

(e) audible in bedrooms when the intervening doors are closed.

Smoke alarms

9.8.4.2.  (1)  Smoke alarms shall be installed in each dwelling unit in accordance with Sentences 3.2.4.21.(1) to (4) of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  Battery-operated smoke alarms are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence 3.2.4.21.(4) of the 1994 Building Code.

(3)  Smoke alarms required in Sentence 9.8.4.2.(1) shall be designed in conformance with CAN/ULC-S531, "Standard for Smoke Alarms", and installed in accordance with CAN/ULC-S553, "Standard for the Installation of Smoke Alarms".

(4)  Existing smoke alarms meeting the requirements of ULC-S531-1978, "Standard for Smoke Alarms", are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (3).

(5)  When interconnected smoke alarms are installed in accordance with Article 9.8.4.1., the smoke alarms referred to in Sentence (1) of this Article are not required.

Subsection 9.8.5.  Suppression

Sprinkler systems

9.8.5.1.  Sprinkler protection required in this Section shall be designed and installed in conformance with NFPA 13D, "Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes".

Subsection 9.8.6.  Electrical

Electrical inspections required

9.8.6.1.  (1)  Each detached house, semi-detached house and row house regulated by this Section shall be subjected to a general inspection by the Electrical Safety Authority, as defined in the Electricity Act, 1998, and inspection fees shall be paid by the owner.

(2)  Electrical hazards identified during an inspection required by Sentence (1) shall be repaired in accordance with the Electrical Safety Code made under the Electricity Act, 1998.

(3)  The letter of compliance from the Electrical Safety Authority, as defined in the Electricity Act, 1998, shall be made available to the Chief Fire Official upon request.

SECTION 9.9  HOTELS

Subsection 9.9.1. Application

Application

9.9.1.1.  (1)  Except as provided in Sentences (2), (3) and (4), this Section applies to every hotel establishment.

(2)  Except as required in Sentence (5), this Section does not apply to a hotel establishment where every building that contains a hotel

(a) is not more than 1 storey in building height, and

(b) has a building area of 300 m² or less.

(3)  Except as required in Sentences (5) and (6), this Section does not apply to a building or part of a building that was regulated by Section 9.2, 9.3, 9.5 or 9.6 on December 31, 2006 if the use of the building is unchanged since that date.

(4)  Except as required in Sentence (6), if the building contains major occupancies that operate under independent control from the hotel establishment, this Section does not apply to fire safety systems, devices and structural elements of those major occupancies that do not affect the life safety of the hotel occupants.

(5)  Article 9.9.4.13. applies to a building or part of a building described in Sentence (2) or (3).

(6)  Articles 9.9.2.9. and 9.9.2.15. apply to a building or part of a building described in Sentence (3) or (4).

(7)  For the purposes of this Section,

"1994 Building Code" means Regulation 61 of the Revised Regulations of Ontario, 1990, as it read on June 23, 1994;

"existing" means in existence on January 1, 2007.

Building audit

9.9.1.2.  (1)  A building audit shall be prepared and retained by the owner.

(2)  The building audit referred to in Sentence (1) shall identify and describe the existing building features in relation to the requirements of this Section, including

(a) containment and control of a fire, including

(i) fire separations,

(ii) firewalls,

(iii) construction assemblies,

(iv) occupancy separations,

(v) interior finishes,

(vi) smoke control,

(vii) heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems, and

(viii) commercial cooking equipment,

(b) detection, including

(i) alarm and detection systems,

(ii) smoke alarms, and

(iii) voice communication systems,

(c) suppression, including

(i) fire department access,

(ii) standpipe and hose systems,

(iii) sprinkler or special fire suppression systems, and

(iv) firefighters' elevators, and

(d) egress, including

(i) the number, type, access to, direction to, lighting for and identification of exits,

(ii) fire escapes,

(iii) occupant load, and

(iv) emergency lighting.

Subsection 9.9.2.  Containment

Construction

9.9.2.1.  (1)  Fire separations required by this Section to have a fire-resistance rating shall be in conformance with Subsection 3.1.7. and Articles 3.1.8.1., 3.1.8.2., 3.1.8.3. and 3.5.4.2. of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  Where a 2 hr or less fire-resistance rating is required, existing wall assemblies, floor assemblies and their supporting assemblies consisting of

(a) reinforced concrete,

(b) masonry, or

(c) clay tile with plaster or gypsum board finish on both sides

are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Where a 1 hr or less fire-resistance rating is required, existing wall assemblies, floor assemblies, ceilings and their supporting assemblies that consist of membranes of lath and plaster or gypsum board are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(4)  Heavy timber construction conforming to Article 3.1.4.6. of the 1994 Building Code is deemed to have a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(5)  Buildings with limited combustible components may be approved as noncombustible construction.

(6)  Except as permitted in Sentences (7) and (8), floor assemblies shall be fire separations.

(7)  Sentence (6) does not apply to floor assemblies between different levels of the same multi-level guest suite.

(8)  A floor assembly immediately above a crawl space is not required to be constructed as a fire separation and is not required to have a fire-resistance rating provided the crawl space is not considered as a basement in Sentence 3.2.2.5.(1) of the 1994 Building Code.

Buildings up to 3 storeys

9.9.2.2.  (1)  Buildings shall comply with the requirements of Sentence (2), where the building is

(a) not more than 1 storey in building height and not greater than 1200 m² in building area,

(b) not more than 2 storeys in building height and not greater than 900 m² in building area, or

(c) not more than 3 storeys in building height and not greater than 600 m² in building area.

(2)  Floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies shall have a 30 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Where sleeping accommodation or meeting rooms are not provided in the basement, an existing fire separation between the first storey and basement is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2) where

(a) the basement is sprinklered,

(b) the building contains not more than four guest suites and provides sleeping accommodation for not more than 10 persons, and

(i) interconnected smoke alarms are installed in conformance with Clause 9.9.4.1.(3)(c),

(ii) doors connecting the basement and first storey have a 20 min fire-protection rating and are equipped with self-closing and latching devices, and

(iii) fire stopping of the wall space at the basement level is in conformance with Article 9.10.15.3. of the 1994 Building Code, or

(c) the building is 1 storey in building height, not more than 600 m² in building area, and

(i) each guest suite has direct access to the outdoors by a door near ground level,

(ii) doors connecting the basement and first storey have a 20 min fire-protection rating and are equipped with self-closing and latching devices,

(iii) fire stopping of the wall space at the basement level is in accordance with Article 9.10.15.3. of the 1994 Building Code, and

(iv) an approved early warning system is installed consisting of fire detectors in the basement interconnected with alarm signalling devices that are audible in all guest suites.

(4)  The water supply for the sprinklers referred to in Clause (3)(a) may be taken from the domestic supply where the supply provides sufficient density for the largest fire compartment and where the supply is approved. 

(5)  A building that is sprinklered is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

Buildings up to 4 storeys

9.9.2.3.  (1)  Buildings to which Sentence 9.9.2.2.(1) does not apply and that are not more than 4 storeys in building height shall comply with Sentences (2) and (3).

(2)  Floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies shall have a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(3)  Smoke detectors shall be provided in corridors serving guest suites in buildings of combustible construction.

(4)  A building that is sprinklered is deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (2) and (3).

Buildings over 4 storeys but not more than 6 storeys

9.9.2.4.  (1)  Buildings to which Articles 9.9.2.2. and 9.9.2.3. do not apply and that are not more than 6 storeys in building height shall

(a) have a 45 min fire-resistance rating for floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies, and

(b) be sprinklered, where the building is of combustible construction.

(2)  Where only the roof assembly is of combustible construction, the building is deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(b) where

(a) the ceiling membrane has a 45 min fire-resistance rating and the attic space is fire stopped in conformance with Article 3.1.11.5. of the 1994 Building Code,

(b) the roof assembly is of heavy timber construction in conformance with Article 3.1.4.6. of the 1994 Building Code, or

(c) the top storey and attic space are sprinklered.

(3)  Where smoke detectors are provided in corridors serving guest suites, a building of heavy timber construction conforming to Article 3.1.4.6. of the 1994 Building Code is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Buildings over 6 storeys

9.9.2.5.  (1)  Buildings that are more than 6 storeys in building height shall

(a) have a 1 hr fire-resistance rating for floor assemblies and walls, columns and arches supporting floor assemblies, and

(b) be sprinklered, where the building is of combustible construction.

(2)  Where only the roof assembly is of combustible construction, the building is deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(b) where

(a) the ceiling membrane has a 45 min fire-resistance rating and the attic space is fire stopped in conformance with Article 3.1.11.5. of the 1994 Building Code,

(b) the roof assembly is of heavy timber construction in conformance with Article 3.1.4.6. of the 1994 Building Code, or

(c) the top storey and attic space are sprinklered.

Adjacent buildings

9.9.2.6.  (1)  A building containing a hotel shall be separated from a directly connected adjacent building that does not contain a hotel by a noncombustible fire separation having a 2 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  An existing wall having a 2 h fire-resistance rating and constructed as a fire separation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Where the connection consists of an aboveground or underground walkway in conformance with Articles 3.2.3.20. and 3.2.3.21. of the 1994 Building Code, the building is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Interconnected floor spaces

9.9.2.7.  (1)  Despite Sentence 9.9.2.1.(6), a floor assembly may be penetrated by an unprotected opening between 2 contiguous storeys up to the fifth storey where

(a) the building is of noncombustible construction,

(b) the interconnected floor space does not contain sleeping accommodation, and

(c) the required fire-resistance rating of the floor assembly is maintained.

(2)  Despite Sentence 9.9.2.1.(6), in a building that is not more than 3 storeys in building height and not more than 600 m² in building area, a floor assembly is not required to be constructed as a fire separation between 2 contiguous storeys where

(a) the interconnected floor space consists of the first storey and the storey next above or below, but not both,

(b) the interconnected floor space is sprinklered, and

(c) the sprinkler system is equipped with a water flow device and electrical supervision in conformance with Sentence 3.2.8.7.(2) of the 1994 Building Code.

(3)  Despite Sentence 9.9.2.1.(6), a floor assembly in a storage garage or an open-air parking garage is not required to be constructed as a fire separation.

(4)  Interconnected floor spaces in conformance with Subsection 3.2.8. of the 1994 Building Code are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Fire separation of guest suites

9.9.2.8.  (1)  Guest suites shall be separated from adjacent rooms and areas on the same floor area by

(a) a fire separation having a 30 min fire-resistance rating in buildings that are not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(b) a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating in buildings that are more than 6 storeys in building height.

Fire separation of corridors

(2)  Corridors serving guest suites shall be separated from adjacent rooms and areas on the same floor area by

(a) a fire separation having a 30 min fire-resistance rating in buildings that are not more than 6 storeys in building height, and

(b) a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating in buildings that are more than 6 storeys in building height.

(3)  Existing fire separations having less than a 45 min fire-resistance rating are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2) where the floor area is sprinklered.

Fire separations between major occupancies

9.9.2.9.  (1)  Fire separations having a 45 min fire-resistance rating shall be provided between major occupancies.

(2)  Existing fire separations having a 30 min fire-resistance rating are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the floor area is sprinklered, or

(b) the part of the building containing the major occupancy is equipped with fire detectors and connecting corridors are equipped with smoke detectors as part of the fire alarm system of the building.

Protection of openings in fire separations

9.9.2.10.  (1)  Closures in fire separations shall be in conformance with

(a) Sentences 3.1.8.4.(2) and 3.1.8.10.(1) of the 1994 Building Code, and

(b) Articles 3.1.8.11. and 3.1.8.13. of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), openings in fire separations to which Article 9.9.2.8. or 9.9.2.11. applies may be protected with closures having a 20 min fire-protection rating.

(3)  Where a 1 h or less fire-protection rating is required, existing closures consisting of

(a) hollow metal or kalamein doors in hollow metal frames, with openings, if any, protected by wired glass and equipped with self-closing and latching devices, or

(b) wired glass screens set in fixed steel frames

are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(4)  Where a 20 min fire-protection rating is required, existing closures consisting of door assemblies of 45 mm solid core wood doors installed in solid wood or hollow metal frames and equipped with self-closing and latching devices are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

(5)  Despite Sentence (1), existing closures in fire separations to which Articles 9.9.2.8. and 9.9.3.6. apply need not be equipped with latching devices in buildings that are not more than 6 storeys in building height.

(6)  Where the floor area is sprinklered, existing closures in fire separations to which Article 9.9.2.8. applies are deemed to be in compliance with Clause (1)(a) and Sentence (2).

(7)  Fire dampers shall be installed in fire separations in conformance with Article 3.1.8.7. of the 1994 Building Code.

(8)  Despite Sentence (7), fire dampers are not required in existing noncombustible ducts at penetrations of fire separations.

Laundry rooms, storage rooms and maintenance shops

9.9.2.11.  Laundry rooms, storage rooms exceeding 0.6 m² in area and maintenance shops shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

Fuel-fired appliances

9.9.2.12.  (1)  Fuel-fired appliances, except for cooking appliances, shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply to a gas or oil-fired appliance installed on the roof of a building of noncombustible construction.

(3)  Sentence (1) does not apply to fireplaces and space heaters provided the appliance is not located in an exit or in a corridor serving as an access to exit for guest suites.

(4)  Despite Sentence (1), the fire-resistance rating of the fire separation above the room is not required where

(a) the required vertical fire separation to the room is provided, and

(b) the room area is fully sprinklered, with a spacing not exceeding 9.5 m² per sprinkler head, or providing a minimum average density of 6.5 L/min/m² over the room area.

(5)  Where an appliance is separated in conformance with this Article, sufficient combustion air shall be brought directly from the outside for the safe operation of the appliance.

(6)  Where it is impractical to provide combustion air directly from the outside as required in Sentence (5), alternative means for the safe operation of the appliance may be approved.

(7)  Despite Sentence (1), a fire separation is not required for a fuel-fired appliance located within a guest suite and serving only that guest suite.

Vertical service spaces

9.9.2.13.  (1)  Vertical service spaces shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Where the existing vertical service space, including the top and bottom, is sealed with gypsum board, lath and plaster or other similar noncombustible material, the vertical service space is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Refuse and linen chutes

9.9.2.14.  (1)  Unless otherwise approved, linen and refuse chutes shall be located in a shaft separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Linen and refuse chutes shall terminate or discharge directly into rooms that are separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 1 h fire-resistance rating.

(3)  In buildings more than 2 storeys in building height, automatic sprinklers shall be installed in each linen or refuse chute

(a) at the top,

(b) at alternate floor levels, and

(c) in the room or bin into which the chute discharges.

(4)  An existing chute installation is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (3) where

(a) the chute outlet in the discharge room is protected by an automatic, self-latching closure held open by a fusible link in buildings greater than 6 storeys in building height,

(b) the room into which the chute discharges is sprinklered, and

(c) at least one sprinkler head with a minimum discharge rate of 66 L/min is located at the top of the chute.

Smoke control

9.9.2.15.  (1)  Buildings containing a hotel where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 18 m shall have smoke control measures in conformance with Sentences (2) and (3).

(2)  Buildings containing a hotel shall

(a) have smoke control measures that prevent smoke spread from floor areas containing other occupancies to upper floor areas that contain guest suites, or

(b) be sprinklered on all floor areas containing other occupancies that are located below floors that contain guest suites.

(3)  Buildings containing a hotel shall have smoke control measures in conformance with Article 3.2.6.2. of the 1994 Building Code.

(4)  A building is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (3) where

(a) all guest suites have access to an exterior balcony,

(b) the length of corridors serving guest suites does not exceed 30 m between exits,

(c) corridors serving guest suites are equipped with smoke detectors connected to the fire alarm system,

(d) corridors serving guest suites are subdivided in conformance with Sentence (5), or

(e) the building is sprinklered.

(5)  The corridor subdivision referred to in Clause (4)(d) shall

(a) separate the corridor into at least two compartments by a fire separation that does not require a fire-resistance rating,

(b) be located so that not more than one of the required exit stairs is located in any one compartment and the distance of travel from any guest suite entrance door to an exit or adjacent compartment does not exceed 25 m, and

(c) include smoke-tight doors equipped with self-closing devices that act as closures in the fire separation.

Pipes, ducts and plenums

9.9.2.16.  (1)  Pipes, ducts, plenums and other equipment in heating and air handling systems shall be constructed of steel, approved noncombustible material or other approved material.

(2)  Insulating materials and adhesives for pipes, ducts, plenums and other components of heating and air handling systems shall be noncombustible or shall have a flame-spread rating of 25 or less or shall be of some other approved composition.

(3)  Where an attic space, a crawl space, a corridor ceiling space or any other concealed space is used as a plenum, the concealed space shall be lined with noncombustible material, material having a flame-spread rating of 25 or less or other approved material.

9.9.2.17.  (1)  A fire separation that separates an exit stairway from the remainder of the building shall not be breached by a duct or other part of an air handling system.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), an exit through a lobby or other entrance area that is within a stairway separation may be breached, provided the stairway is separated from the entrance area by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

9.9.2.18.  No stairway enclosure or corridor shall be used as a plenum to exhaust air from other areas.

Commercial cooking equipment

9.9.2.19.  (1)  An existing commercial cooking equipment installation in conformance with Sentences (2) to (6) is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence 2.6.1.12.(1).

(2)  Commercial cooking equipment shall have an existing exhaust system which, unless otherwise approved, shall be provided with

(a) a hood or other primary collection device to collect and confine all cooking vapours and residues emanating from the cooking equipment,

(b) a grease filter or other means of grease extraction,

(c) a duct from the hood or other primary collection device which

(i) leads as directly as possible to the outside,

(ii) is independent and not connected to any other ventilation system, and

(iii) has adequate openings for inspection and cleaning purposes that are equipped with tight fitting doors,

(d) a residue trap with provisions for cleanout at the base of each vertical riser, and

(e) mechanically induced air flow of sufficient velocity to confine cooking vapours and residues to the hood or other primary collection means installed at the cooking equipment.

(3)  Pipes, ducts, plenums and other components of the exhaust system shall be constructed of steel, approved noncombustible material or other approved material.

(4)  Insulating material and adhesive used in the exhaust system shall be noncombustible or shall have a flame-spread rating of 25 or less or shall have some other approved composition.

(5)  The commercial cooking equipment shall be

(a) located in a kitchen that is separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating, or

(b) protected by a fixed fire protection system.

(6)  The fire separation referred to in Sentence (5) may contain an unprotected pass-through opening into the adjoining dining area if approved measures are provided to limit fire spread.

Subsection 9.9.3.  Means of Egress

Occupant load

9.9.3.1.  (1)  The occupant load for calculation of the number and width of access to exits and exits referred to in this Section shall be determined in accordance with Subsection 3.1.16. of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  The occupant load of a floor area may vary if it is used for different occupancies at different times, but the exits from the floor area shall provide the aggregate exit width prescribed in Article 9.9.3.2. for the greatest occupant load.

Access to exit

9.9.3.2.  (1)  Each room, guest suite, podium, terrace, platform, contained open space or other area intended for occupancy shall have egress facilities leading directly to

(a) a public thoroughfare,

(b) an approved open space that has access to a public thoroughfare, or

(c) a corridor where it is possible to go in opposite directions to separate exits, except as otherwise permitted by this Article or Article 9.9.3.3.

Dead end corridors

(2)  Dead end corridors shall not be longer than 6 m plus the width of the corridor, unless otherwise approved.

(3)  Unless otherwise approved, no area may be served by a dead end corridor where

(a) the area contains an assembly occupancy and its occupant load is greater than 20 persons,

(b) the area is intended for storage and exceeds 200 m², or

(c) the area is intended for a use other than that described in Clauses (a) and (b) and exceeds 100 m² in area or has an occupant load greater than 24 persons.

(4)  If a guest suite has access to a second exit or if a guest suite is in a building that is permitted to be served by a single exit in compliance with Article 9.9.3.3., a doorway from the guest suite may open onto

(a) an exit stairway,

(b) a fire escape,

(c) a corridor served by a single exit, or

(d) an exterior passageway served by a single exit stairway.

Egress facilities

(5)  Each room, guest suite, podium, terrace, platform, contained open space or other area intended for occupancy shall have two egress doorways placed in such a manner that one doorway could provide egress from the room or area if the other doorway becomes inaccessible to the occupants due to a fire which might originate in the room or area where

(a) the space is intended for assembly occupancy, and

(i) the distance of travel to an egress door from any point in the space exceeds 15 m, or

(ii) the occupant load exceeds 60 persons,

(b) the space is intended for storage, and

(i) exceeds 200 m² in area, or

(ii) the distance of travel to an egress door from any point in the space exceeds 23 m, or

(c) the space is intended for a use other than that described in Clauses (a) and (b), and

(i) exceeds 100 m² in area, or

(ii) the occupant load exceeds 60 persons.

(6)  Despite Sentence (5), every room containing an assembly occupancy shall be provided with at least

(a) three independent well-separated egress doorways, where its occupant load is 600 persons or more, and

(b) four independent well-separated egress doorways where its occupant load is 1000 persons or more.

(7)  Where a room or floor area is divided into individual spaces for assembly occupancy, egress through an adjacent assembly occupancy is permitted provided each space has at least one independent egress doorway in accordance with Sentence (1) and dividing walls or partitions are not more than 1.35 m in height.

(8)  Dividing walls or partitions in Sentence (7) may exceed 1.35 m in height if alternative provisions are approved to provide safe egress.

Egress widths

(9)  The aggregate width of required means of egress from a floor area or portion of a floor area shall be determined by multiplying the occupant load of the area served by

(a) 6.1 mm per person, for ramps with a gradient of not more than 1 in 8, doorways, corridors and passageways, or

(b) 9.2 mm per person, for ramps with a gradient of more than 1 in 8 and stairs.

(10)  Where two or more egress doorways are required from a floor area or portion of a floor area, a sufficient aggregate width shall be provided so that the egress capacity is not reduced by more than half if any one doorway or opening is inaccessible in an emergency.

(11)  Despite Sentences (9) and (10), the minimum clear width of a means of egress shall be not less than

(a) 1100 mm for corridors,

(b) 900 mm for stairs, and

(c) 750 mm for doorways, ramps and all other areas.

Number of exits

9.9.3.3.  (1)  Each floor area shall be served by a minimum of two exits where

(a) the floor area is intended for assembly occupancy, and

(i) the distance of travel to an exit from any point in the space exceeds 15 m, or

(ii) the occupant load exceeds 60 persons,

(b) the floor area is intended for storage, and

(i) exceeds 200 m² in area, or

(ii) the distance of travel to an exit from any point in the space exceeds 23 m,

(c) the floor area is a basement, and

(i) exceeds 200 m² in area, or

(ii) contains areas that are accessible to the public, or

(d) the floor area is intended for a use other than that described in Clauses (a), (b) and (c), and

(i) exceeds 100 m² in area, or

(ii) the occupant load exceeds 60 persons.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), each floor area shall be served by at least two exits in buildings that are more than 3 storeys in building height.

(3)  Despite Sentence (1), where a building is 3 storeys in building height, the third storey shall be served by at least two exits unless approved alternative measures are used.

(4)  Despite Sentence (3), a single exit is permitted from the third storey used as the residence of the hotel owner or manager.

(5)  The minimum distance between exits referred to in Sentences (1), (2) and (3) shall be 9 m or half the maximum diagonal dimension of the floor area, whichever is less.

(6)  Exits are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (5) where the floor area is divided by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating so that it is necessary to pass through the fire separation to travel from one exit to another exit.

Exit widths

9.9.3.4.  Except as provided in Sentence 9.9.3.7.(2), the width of exits shall be in conformance with Article 9.9.3.2.

Travel distance

9.9.3.5.  (1)  The travel distance to at least one exit shall not exceed

(a) 30 m in a floor area that is not sprinklered,

(b) 45 m in a sprinklered floor area, or

(c) 45 m in a basement that is not accessible to the public.

Stairway separations

9.9.3.6.  (1)  Each exit stairway shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating.

(2)  Each exit stairway shall lead directly to a public thoroughfare or to an approved open space from inside the fire separation described in Sentence (1).

(3)  Despite Sentence (2), one exit from a floor area is permitted to lead through a lobby provided

(a) the path of travel through the lobby to the outdoors at ground level is not more than 15 m,

(b) a fire separation, constructed in accordance with Sentence (1), is provided between the lobby and any exit permitted by this Sentence to lead through a lobby,

(c) the lobby is not located within an interconnected floor space described in Article 9.9.2.7.,

(d) from the interior of the exit stair that leads through the lobby, there is an unobstructed path of travel not leading through the lobby to an alternate exit such that

(i) it is not necessary to travel up or down more than 1 storey to reach the alternate exit by means of a protected access to exit, or

(ii) the path of travel is entirely within the same storey as the lobby and is separated from the lobby by a fire separation having not less than a 45 min fire-resistance rating, and

(e) approved provisions are made to direct occupants to the alternate exit described in Clause (d) in the event of a fire condition in the lobby.

(4)  The lobby described in Sentence (3) is permitted to contain an occupancy provided the required egress width is maintained and clearly delineated.

(5)  Despite Sentence 9.9.2.12.(3), the lobby described in Sentence (3) is permitted to contain a fireplace or a space heater.

(6)  Despite Sentence (2), an exit through a lobby is permitted in conformance with Article 3.4.4.2. or 9.9.8.5. of the 1994 Building Code, as applicable for the size and height of the building.

Exterior stairways and fire escapes

9.9.3.7.  (1)  Exterior exit stairways and fire escapes shall not serve floor areas above the sixth storey.

(2)  Unless otherwise approved, each fire escape used as an exit and each exterior exit stairway shall be in conformance with Articles 3.4.7.2., 3.4.7.3., 3.4.7.5. and 3.4.7.6. of the 1994 Building Code.

(3)  Unless otherwise approved, exterior exit stairways, fire escapes and exterior exit passageways serving any storey above the second storey or any basement below the first basement shall be protected against fire exposure from the building by having

(a) window openings, except first storey display windows, protected by wired glass in fixed steel frames, and

(b) doorways and other openings protected by closures having a 45 min fire-protection rating

where such openings are located within 3 m horizontally, within 3 storeys below, within 10 m below or within 1.8 m above the exterior stairway, fire escape or passageway.

(4)  Exterior exit stairways leading across roofs shall be provided with handrails on both sides of the walkway leading to the stairway at the edge of the roof, unless otherwise approved.

(5)  Exterior exit stairways and fire escapes below grade shall be

(a) enclosed by side walls and a roof, with a door to ground level at the upper landing,

(b) provided with a roof projecting horizontally for a distance of at least 1.8 m beyond any step or landing, or

(c) provided with some other approved construction or device to prevent snow from accumulating in the stairway or fire escape.

(6)  Sentence (3) does not apply to an exterior passageway if

(a) 50% or more of the exterior side is open to the outdoors,

(b) the exterior passageway floor assembly has a fire-resistance rating of not less than 45 min or is of noncombustible construction, and

(c) an exit stairway is provided at each end of the passageway.

Door swing and hardware

9.9.3.8.  Each exit door and door providing an access to exit shall be in conformance with Subsection 2.7.2.

Emergency access to floor areas

9.9.3.9.  Doors providing access between floor areas and exit stairs shall comply with Article 3.4.6.16. of the 1994 Building Code.

Signs

9.9.3.10.  (1)  Exit signs shall be installed in accordance with Subsection 3.4.5. of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  Each door opening into an exit stairway shall be identified with the number assigned to that floor in accordance with Article 3.4.6.17. of the 1994 Building Code.

(3)  Existing doors that have the floor level identified in plain legible block letters or numbers at least 114 mm high with a 19 mm stroke on both sides of the door are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

Interior finishes

9.9.3.11.  (1)  Interior finish materials on the walls and ceilings of exits and access to exits shall be in accordance with Subsection 3.1.13. of the 1994 Building Code, except as provided in Sentence (2) or otherwise approved.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply to

(a) wood or other approved materials, treated with an approved fire retardant, used on the walls of lobbies, foyers, vestibules, entrance halls and other major entrance areas,

(b) combustible interior finishes, including paint, wallpaper and other interior finishes not more than 1.5 mm thick used on the walls of corridors, and

(c) combustible materials that have a flame-spread rating of 150 or less used on the walls and ceilings of access to exits if the access to exits are sprinklered.

9.9.3.12.  The flame-spread rating of interior wall and ceiling finishes in rooms containing an assembly occupancy shall be not more than 150.

Lighting

9.9.3.13.  Every exit and access to exit shall be equipped to provide illumination to an average level of at least 50 lx at floor level and at all points such as angles and intersections at changes of level where there are stairs and ramps.

Emergency lighting

9.9.3.14.  (1)  Emergency lighting shall be provided in

(a) exits and access to exits in buildings required to have a fire alarm system, and

(b) rooms containing an assembly occupancy with an occupant load of more than 60 persons.

(2)  Emergency lighting required in Sentence (1) shall be

(a) designed to provide illumination for a duration of at least

(i) 2 h in buildings where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 18 m, and

(ii) 30 min in buildings where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade is not more than 18 m,

(b) supplied by a source of energy separate from the primary electrical supply for the building, and

(c) designed to be automatically actuated when the power to the building is interrupted.

(3)  Illumination from emergency lighting referred to in Sentence (2) shall be an average of at least 10 lx at floor or tread level, or 1 watt/m² of floor space.

Subsection 9.9.4.  Fire Alarm and Detection

Fire alarm requirements

9.9.4.1.  (1)  A fire alarm system with listed components shall be installed in each building in accordance with Articles 9.9.4.2. to 9.9.4.12. where

(a) the building area is more than 600 m²,

(b) the building is more than 1 storey in building height, or

(c) each guest suite is not served by an exterior exit facility leading to ground level.

(2)  A building is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the building is not more than 3 storeys in building height,

(b) each guest suite is served by an exterior exit facility leading to ground level,

(c) each guest suite is separated from adjacent rooms by a fire separation having a 45 min fire-resistance rating, and

(d) each guest suite is equipped with a smoke alarm.

(3)  A building is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the building is not more than 3 storeys in building height,

(b) sleeping accommodation is provided for not more than 10 persons, and

(c) the building is equipped with

(i) smoke alarms on or near the ceiling in corridors serving guest suites on each floor area, adjacent to each stairway serving the corridors, and on or near the ceiling in the basement, adjacent to each stairway, and

(ii) one manual pull station in each floor area in an approved location, installed and interconnected so that the actuation of any manual pull station or smoke alarm will cause all smoke alarms to operate and be audible throughout the building.

Automatic detection

9.9.4.2.  (1)  Automatic detection devices referred to in Sentences (2), (3) and (4) shall be installed and connected to the fire alarm system required in Sentence 9.9.4.1.(1).

(2)  Fire detectors shall be installed

(a) in every part of a building that requires a fire alarm system in Article 9.9.4.1., other than corridors, washrooms, closets in guest suites, saunas, refrigerated areas and swimming pools,

(b) at the tops of elevator shafts, and

(c) at the tops of exit stairs.

(3)  Despite Sentence (2), fire detectors are not required in existing guest suites where smoke detectors are installed in every corridor serving the guest suites.

(4)  Rooms or areas that are sprinklered in accordance with Article 3.2.4.16. of the 1994 Building Code are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

Manual pull stations

9.9.4.3.  (1)  Unless otherwise approved, manual pull stations shall be installed at

(a) the main reception area, and

(b) near every exit.

(2)  Despite Sentence (1), a manual pull station may serve two exits where

(a) the exits are not more than 9 m apart,

(b) the exits are located on the same storey, and

(c) the manual pull station is readily accessible and visible from each exit.

(3)  A manual pull station shall be

(a) red in colour,

(b) readily accessible and unobstructed,

(c) readily visible, and

(d) unless otherwise approved, installed at a height not less than 1.2 m and not more than 1.5 m, measured vertically from the finished floor surface.

Alarm signalling devices

9.9.4.4.  (1)  Alarm signalling devices shall be

(a) installed on all storeys, unless otherwise approved,

(b) located so that the alarm signal and alert signal when sounded, may be heard throughout the building over all normal sounds at any time, and

(c) be distinctive in sound.

Annunciator panels

9.9.4.5.  (1)  In a building that is 4 or more storeys in building height or has a total area of 4000 m² or more, an annunciator panel shall

(a) be installed near the main entrance, in the main reception area or other approved location that is readily accessible to the fire department, and

(b) indicate all floors with not more than one floor per zone indicated.

(2)  Fire detectors required in Clauses 9.9.4.2.(2)(b) and (c) may be considered as part of the adjoining floor for the purposes of Clause (1)(b) of this Article.

Shutdown of air handling systems

9.9.4.6.  Recirculating air handling systems that serve more than one guest suite or storey shall be arranged to shut down upon actuation of the fire alarm system, except where continued operation of the air handling system serves as part of a smoke control system.

Trouble signals

9.9.4.7.  (1)  A trouble signal sounding device and, where the trouble signal sounding device has a silencing switch, a trouble light shall be installed in

(a) the main reception area, or

(b) a continuously supervised area.

Operation

9.9.4.8.  Fire alarm systems shall operate in conformance with Article 3.2.4.4. of the 1994 Building Code, unless otherwise approved.

Continuity

9.9.4.9.  Each building shall not have more than one fire alarm system, unless otherwise approved.

Electrical supervision

9.9.4.10.  Fire alarm systems shall be electrically supervised.

Emergency power

9.9.4.11.  (1)  Fire alarm systems shall be provided with an emergency power supply in conformance with Article 3.2.7.8. of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  An existing emergency power supply that is capable of providing supervisory power for not less than 24 h and emergency power under full load for not less than 5 min at the end of the 24 h period is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

Primary power

(3)  Fire alarm system connections to the primary source of power shall be on a separate circuit equipped with separate circuit breakers or fuse switches that are located in a secure area.

(4)  When a building is not supplied with primary power from a public utility, two approved independent sources of power shall be provided to the fire alarm system.

Installation

9.9.4.12.  (1)  Where a fire alarm system is required to be installed, extended or modified by this Section, the installation, extension or modification shall be in conformance with CAN/ULC-S524, "Standard for the Installation of Fire Alarm Systems".

(2)  Where a fire alarm system has been installed, extended or modified as required by this Section, the system or portion of the system shall be tested in conformance with CAN/ULC-S537, "Verification of Fire Alarm Systems".

(3)  Sentences (1) and (2) do not apply to existing fire alarm system components.

Smoke alarms

9.9.4.13.  (1)  Smoke alarms shall be installed in each guest suite.

(2)  Smoke alarms required in Sentence (1) shall be in conformance with CAN/ULC-S531, "Standard for Smoke Alarms".

(3)  Existing smoke alarms meeting the requirements of ULC-S531-1978, "Standard for Smoke Alarms", are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (2).

(4)  Smoke alarms required in Sentence (1) shall be installed in conformance with CAN/ULC-S553, "Standard for the Installation of Smoke Alarms".

(5)  Smoke alarms shall be installed with permanent connections to an electrical circuit and shall have no disconnect switches between the overcurrent device and the smoke alarm.

(6)  Despite Sentence (5), battery-operated smoke alarms may be used.

(7)  Unless otherwise approved, at least one smoke alarm shall be installed on each floor of a multi-level guest suite and the smoke alarms shall be interconnected so that the actuation of one smoke alarm will cause all smoke alarms within the guest suite to sound.

Voice communication systems

9.9.4.14.  (1)  A voice communication system shall be provided in each building where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 36 m.

(2)  The voice communication system required by Sentence (1) shall

(a) consist of loudspeakers operated from the central alarm and control facility or other location that is accessible to the fire department and supervisory staff appointed under Section 2.8 and that is approved,

(b) provide a clear verbal signal throughout the building, except for elevator cars, and

(c) provide for automatic silencing of the fire alarm signals or alert signals when the loudspeakers are in use.

(3)  Approved existing public address systems compatible with the fire safety plan required under Section 2.8 and capable of communicating instructions to the building occupants are deemed to be in compliance with Sentences (1) and (2).

Subsection 9.9.5.  Suppression

Access for fire fighting

9.9.5.1.  (1)  Access routes for fire fighting shall be provided in conformance with the requirements of Articles 3.2.5.5. to 3.2.5.7. of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  Sentence (1) does not apply where the building is sprinklered.

(3)  In buildings not greater than 6 storeys in building height, existing access routes

(a) having a clear width of at least 6 m,

(b) capable of supporting the expected loads imposed by fire fighting equipment and surfaced with concrete, asphalt or other material that provides accessibility under all climatic conditions,

(c) located not less than 3 m and not more than 15 m from the principal entrance, and

(d) connected with a public thoroughfare

are deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(4)  Despite Sentence (1), alternative methods may be approved where, in the opinion of the Chief Fire Official, they provide protection for life safety similar to the protection provided by compliance with Sentence (1).

Standpipe systems

9.9.5.2.  (1)  In buildings that are greater than 3 storeys in building height, a standpipe and hose system shall be installed in conformance with Subsection 3.2.9. of the 1994 Building Code.

(2)  A standpipe and hose system installed in conformance with Sentences (3) to (6) is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1).

(3)  Hose stations shall

(a) be located so that all areas

(i) are protected by a hose station on the same storey, and

(ii) can be reached by a hose stream and are within 6 m of a hose nozzle when the hose is extended,

(b) be provided with a 38 mm hose valve, unless otherwise approved,

(c) be equipped with not more than 30 m of 38 mm hose on a hose rack, unless otherwise approved,

(d) have the hose attached, ready for use at all times and equipped with a shut-off combination fog and straight stream nozzle,

(e) be within easy reach of a person standing on the floor, with the hose valve connection located no more than 1.5 m from the floor, and

(f) be located

(i) in corridors where possible, and

(ii) in hose cabinets.

(4)  Despite Subclause (3)(a)(i), a penthouse may be protected by a hose station located in the storey below.

(5)  A standpipe and hose system shall

(a) have an adequate water supply capable of producing a hose stream of at least 6 m from the hose nozzle at the highest fire hose outlet, and

(b) be served by at least one fire department connection located on the outside of the building adjacent to a street, readily accessible to the fire department.

(6)  Hose cabinets shall be

(a) of sufficient size to accommodate a hose, hose rack, hose valve and portable extinguisher,

(b) conspicuously identified, by lettering at least 50 mm high or by the provision of a sufficiently large glass panel in the door to ensure that the equipment in the cabinet is readily visible,

(c) equipped with a door without locks, constructed to open easily, unless otherwise approved, and

(d) so located that the door, when open, will not obstruct any doorway.

Elevators for firefighters' use

9.9.5.3.  (1)  At least one elevator shall be provided for use by firefighters in conformance with Articles 3.2.6.8. and 3.2.6.9. of the 1994 Building Code in buildings where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 18 m.

(2)  An elevator is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the elevator is capable of providing transportation from the street floor to every floor served by the elevator system,

(b) the elevator is identified on the street floor as an elevator provided for use by firefighters,

(c) the elevator satisfies the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.8.(1) to (4) of the 1994 Building Code, and

(d) other elevator cabs in the same shaft as the elevator for use by firefighters satisfy the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.8.(1) and (2) of the 1994 Building Code.

(3)  An elevator system that requires transfer from one elevator to another to reach all floors above grade is deemed to be in compliance with Sentence (1) where

(a) the elevators are identified on the street floor and the transfer floor as elevators provided for firefighters' use,

(b) the elevators satisfy the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.8.(1) to (4) of the 1994 Building Code,

(c) emergency power is provided that is capable of operating one elevator car at a time, in buildings where the vertical distance between the floor of the top storey and grade exceeds 36 m, and

(d) other elevator cabs in the same shaft as the elevator for use by firefighters satisfy the requirements of Sentences 3.2.6.8.(1) and (2) of the 1994 Building Code.

Sprinkler systems

9.9.5.4.  Unless otherwise approved, where a building or portion thereof is required to be sprinklered, the sprinkler system shall be designed and constructed in conformance with Articles 3.2.5.13. to 3.2.5.16. of the 1994 Building Code.

Emergency power supply

9.9.5.5.  (1)  Unless otherwise approved, emergency electric power provided by generators for

(a) fire alarm and detection systems in Sentence 9.9.4.1.(1), and

(b) elevator cars in Clause 9.9.5.3.(3)(c)

shall be installed in conformance with CSA-C282, "Emergency Electrical Power Supply for Buildings", as applicable.

(2)  Unless otherwise approved, emergency electric power required for emergency lighting systems required in Sentence 9.9.3.14.(1) shall be installed in conformance with CSA-C282, "Emergency Electrical Power Supply for Buildings" or CSA-C22.2 No. 141, "Unit Equipment for Emergency Lighting", as applicable.

O. Reg. 213/07, Division B, Part 9.